Q2: UPPSC Mains 2022 General Hindi: Mains Question

Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: It is necessary to develop our own sociology in India. Western sociology, which speaks of a human-centred sociality and its spirituality-less power, is inadequate for the Indian vision. Life is not confined only to human beings. When a person is fused with the animate and inanimate life around him, and when the thinness of his needs coincides with theirs, his responsibility only increases. It is true that the kind of rationality man possesses is not available to other creatures; yet those others have also been endowed with something that man does not have, and man ought to have reverence for that endowment. If our organisation proceeds by denying their existence—as has happened in the last three or four years—it will damage man more than it will damage them; this fact has now been proved. Therefore, the human-centred outlook of sociology should pay heed to the existence of all beings. The second issue is that of equality. The etymological meaning of the word ‘sam’ is that which is only ‘sam’, i.e., the power of balance (or war-power); hence ‘samata’ means distributing that balancing power everywhere. In this sense, samata is oneness, a sense of unity, not parity, because without separateness parity cannot even be conceived. Only when two things are different do they appear equal or unequal; when they are one, the question of equality or inequality simply does not arise.