Match List–I with List–II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists : List–I (Author) A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak B. Dadabhai Naoroji C. Mahatma Gandhi D. Jawaharlal Nehru List–II (Book) 1. The Arctic Home in the Vedas 2. Hind Swaraj 3. The Discovery of India 4. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India Code : A B C D
- (a)3 4 2 1
- (b)3 2 4 1
- (c)1 4 2 3
- (d)1 2 4 3
Correct — C, the code 1 4 2 3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak wrote The Arctic Home in the Vedas, published in 1903, in which he argued that the original home of the Aryans lay at the North Pole in the pre-glacial period and that they moved south around 8000 BC. Dadabhai Naoroji published Poverty and Un-British Rule in India in 1901, the book that set out his drain theory. Mahatma Gandhi wrote Hind Swaraj in 1909, in Gujarati, aboard the SS Kildonan Castle while returning from London to South Africa. Jawaharlal Nehru wrote The Discovery of India during his imprisonment at Ahmednagar Fort between 1942 and 1945, and it was published in 1946. That gives A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3.
- (a)3 4 2 1 — Correct in the middle but reversed at the ends. It hands Tilak The Discovery of India and Nehru The Arctic Home in the Vedas — a swap that a single date defeats, since Tilak died in 1920 and the Nehru book was written in prison in the 1940s.
- (b)3 2 4 1 — Every one of the four is misplaced. Tilak gets Nehru's book, Naoroji gets Gandhi's, Gandhi gets Naoroji's, and Nehru gets Tilak's — the fully rotated code that a candidate marks when nothing has been recalled.
- (d)1 2 4 3 — The near miss, and the real trap. It gets Tilak and Nehru right but swaps the middle two, giving Hind Swaraj to Naoroji and Poverty and Un-British Rule in India to Gandhi. The B and C pair is what actually decides this question.
These four titles map the arc of Indian nationalist writing. Naoroji supplies the economic indictment — that British rule bled India of its wealth through home charges, foreign salaries and one-sided trade. Tilak supplies the cultural assertion, using Vedic astronomy to place Indian civilisation in deep antiquity. Gandhi supplies the moral rejection, arguing in Hind Swaraj that modern industrial civilisation, not merely the British administration, is the disease. Nehru, writing from a prison cell in the 1940s, supplies the synthesis a future prime minister needed — a usable account of what India had been and might become.
Three of the four options begin with the same first entry, so an examinee who is sure of only one pair may still not be able to eliminate. The efficient route is to fix the two that are easiest to be certain of and read the code from there. Tilak with the Arctic thesis is unmistakable, and Nehru with The Discovery of India equally so, which kills options (a) and (b) at once. Everything then turns on whether Hind Swaraj belongs to Gandhi or to Naoroji — and Hind Swaraj is the title Gandhi himself translated into English as Indian Home Rule.
- Tilak's The Arctic Home in the Vedas was published in 1903 and argued for a polar original homeland of the Vedic Aryans.
- Naoroji's Poverty and Un-British Rule in India, 1901, set out the drain theory of colonial wealth transfer.
- Gandhi wrote Hind Swaraj in Gujarati in 1909 on the voyage from London to South Africa; the British banned it in India in 1910.
- Nehru wrote The Discovery of India at Ahmednagar Fort between 1942 and 1945; it was published in 1946.
- Giving Hind Swaraj to Naoroji because both names sit in the early nationalist period; it is Gandhi's, written in 1909.
- Reading The Discovery of India as a pre-1900 work; it belongs to the 1940s and to a prison cell.
- Marking the first code that matches the one pair you are sure of — three of these four options open with the same entry.
Asked as a four-by-four list-matching item where the decisive information sits in the middle two pairs, not the obvious ones.
Who among the following used the phrase ‘Un-British’ to criticize the English colonial control of India?
- (a) Anandmohan Bose
- (b) Badruddin Tyabji
- (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
- (d) Pherozeshah Mehta
Answer(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
Attacks the same pairing from the title's most distinctive word. Anyone who knows the phrase Un-British is Naoroji's cannot fall for option (d) here, which is the near-miss code that hands his book to Gandhi.
Who among the following is the author of the book ‘The Indian Struggle, 1920 – 1934’ ?
- (a) Maulana Abul Kalam
- (b) Jayprakash Narayan
- (c) Subhash Chandra Bose
- (d) Manabendra Nath Roy
Answer(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
The same author-and-title recall a year earlier, on a title from the same nationalist shelf. NDA returns to this stock of books often enough that learning the list with publication years is worth more than learning any one pair.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Hind Swaraj, later translated by its author himself as Indian Home Rule, was written in
- (a)1893
- (b)1909
- (c)1917
- (d)1930
Answer(b) 1909 — written in Gujarati aboard ship between London and South Africa, and banned in India the following year.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The Discovery of India was written by Jawaharlal Nehru while he was imprisoned at
- (a)Yerwada Jail
- (b)Ahmednagar Fort
- (c)Mandalay Jail
- (d)Cellular Jail
Answer(b) Ahmednagar Fort — where he was held from 1942 to 1945 after the Quit India Movement; the book appeared in 1946.