Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists : List I (Industry) A. Petrochemical B. Aircraft C. Machine tools D. Cotton textiles List II (Place) 1. Coimbatore 2. Pinjore 3. Bengaluru 4. Bongaigaon Code : A B C D
- (a)4 3 2 1
- (b)4 2 3 1
- (c)1 2 3 4
- (d)1 3 2 4
Correct — A, 4 3 2 1. Petrochemical goes with Bongaigaon, the Indian Oil refinery-and-petrochemical complex at Dhaligaon in Assam. Aircraft goes with Bengaluru, home of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, which is headquartered there and builds aircraft in the city. Machine tools goes with Pinjore in Haryana, the HMT complex that grew up around machine-tool manufacture. Cotton textiles goes with Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, the 'Manchester of South India', which by itself accounts for roughly a seventh of the country's cotton-spinning capacity. Read together that gives A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1.
- (b)4 2 3 1 — This gets Bongaigaon and Coimbatore right but swaps the middle pair, putting aircraft at Pinjore and machine tools at Bengaluru. Aircraft manufacture belongs to Bengaluru through Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, so the swap fails.
- (c)1 2 3 4 — This makes Coimbatore a petrochemical centre and Bongaigaon a cotton-textile town — both reversed. Bongaigaon lies in Assam's oil belt, close to the Digboi and Numaligarh refineries, and has no cotton industry.
- (d)1 3 2 4 — Aircraft and machine tools are placed correctly, but petrochemical is sent to Coimbatore and cotton textiles to Bongaigaon. Checking just the first pair against Assam's oil belt eliminates this option in one step.
Industrial location in India follows raw material, power and market. Bongaigaon sits in the Assam oilfield belt, so its refinery could add a petrochemical complex; Coimbatore sits in the black-soil cotton tract of Tamil Nadu with cheap hydel power from the Western Ghats; Bengaluru's dry climate, defence establishments and skilled labour drew public-sector aerospace; and Pinjore, at the foot of the Shivaliks near Chandigarh, was chosen for a large public-sector engineering works in the 1960s.
In a four-pair matching item you rarely need all four links. Here, fixing petrochemical to Bongaigaon narrows the field to options (a) and (b), and one more link — aircraft to Bengaluru — settles it. One honest wrinkle worth knowing: the Pinjore complex is a machine-tool site in the standard textbook pairing used by this question, and the same campus also took up tractor manufacture from 1971, so you may meet Pinjore described either way.
- Bongaigaon Refinery at Dhaligaon, Chirang district, Assam is an oil refinery and petrochemical complex run by Indian Oil Corporation.
- Hindustan Aeronautics Limited is headquartered at Bengaluru; it also has divisions at Nashik and Kanpur.
- HMT's Pinjore complex in Haryana is a machine-tool site that later added tractor manufacture.
- Coimbatore is called the Manchester of South India and held about 15 per cent of India's cotton spinning capacity.
Fixing the first pair leaves only options (a) and (b); the aircraft link then decides between them.
- Trying to recall all four pairs before answering — two secure links are usually enough to eliminate three options.
- Assuming a north-eastern town cannot host heavy industry; Assam's oil belt supports refining and petrochemicals.
NDA sets one industry-and-place question in most papers, either as a matching set or as a 'which pair is not correctly matched' item.
Local supply of coal is not available to
- (a) TISCO, Jamshedpur
- (b) VISL, Bhadravati
- (c) HSL, Durgapur
- (d) HSL, Bhilai
Answer(b) VISL, Bhadravati
Industrial location tested through raw-material supply rather than through matching. The reasoning is the same one that fixes Bongaigaon to petrochemicals — an industry settles where its input is.
Which one of the following Oil Refineries is not located in Assam?
- (a) Tatipaka
- (b) Numaligarh
- (c) Bongaigaon
- (d) Digboi
Answer(a) Tatipaka
Bongaigaon returns four years later, this time as a correct option that a candidate has to recognise as being in Assam. The Assam refinery list is clearly on NDA's regular rotation.
Which one of the following coalfields is not located in Jharkhand?
- (a) Jharia
- (b) Ramgarh
- (c) Deogarh
- (d) Umaria
Answer(d) Umaria
The same place-to-State recall in the resources chapter. Prepare refineries, coalfields and industrial towns as one map-based list, because NDA draws from all three.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemical complex is located in which State?
- (a)West Bengal
- (b)Assam
- (c)Odisha
- (d)Bihar
Answer(b) Assam — it lies at Dhaligaon in Chirang district, within the State's oil belt.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Which city is known as the 'Manchester of South India' for its cotton textile industry?
- (a)Madurai
- (b)Coimbatore
- (c)Salem
- (d)Tiruchirappalli
Answer(b) Coimbatore — a long-standing centre of cotton spinning and textile machinery.