BPSC 70th CCE Prelims General Studies · Question 66 of 143

Correct — B, Raiyati Sarkar – Kheda (Gujarat). The question asks for the pair that does NOT belong, so the work is to confirm the other three and then see what is left. Satara, Tamluk and Talcher are three of the places the standard accounts name as sites where the Quit India Movement produced parallel authority — Ballia is another, and each of the three labels attached to them in this question is the label those accounts use. Kheda is the outlier. Kheda's place in the national movement is the revenue satyagraha of 1918, when Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel led peasants to withhold land revenue after crop failure — twenty-four years before Quit India, a different kind of campaign, and one that produced no parallel administration at all. No 'Raiyati Sarkar' is recorded at Kheda in 1942. The name itself is a clue to the fabrication: raiyati simply means 'of the tenant-cultivator', a revenue-law word, which is exactly the vocabulary of the 1918 Kheda agitation rather than of a 1942 national government. A candidate who half-remembers 'Kheda' and 'peasants' together can be pushed into accepting the pair, which is what the option is built to do. Honest caveat: this is one of the less securely documented items on the paper. The three genuine pairs can be confirmed in the standard literature; the phrase 'Raiyati Sarkar' is thinly attested anywhere, and where it does appear it is associated with Bardoli rather than Kheda. That the label cannot be pinned to Kheda is precisely why it is the odd one out, but a student should know the item rests on the absence of evidence for (b) rather than on a positive record of a Raiyati Sarkar somewhere else.

• (a)Prati Sarkar – Satara (Maharashtra) — Correctly matched, so not the answer. Krantisinh Nana Patil (1900-1976) founded the Prati Sarkar — literally 'counter-government' — and ran a parallel administration in Satara district. He was underground for 44 months from 1942 and worked mainly through the Tasgaon, Khanapur, Walva and south Karad talukas; he later sat in the Lok Sabha from Satara.
• (c)Jatiy Sarkar – Tamluk (Bengal) — Correctly matched, so not the answer. The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar was formed on 17 December 1942 in the Tamluk and Contai subdivisions of Midnapore, with Satish Chandra Samanta as Sarbadhinayak. It ran police stations, courts and a revenue system, published a paper called Biplabi, raised an armed wing, the Bidyut Bahini, and was dissolved on 8 August 1944 at Gandhi's own request.
• (d)Praja Mandal – Talchar (Orissa) — Correctly matched, so not the answer. Talcher was a princely state, and in princely India the popular political association was called the Praja Mandal rather than a Congress committee. Talcher is named alongside Satara and Midnapore in accounts of where the 1942 movement displaced the existing administration, and the Praja Mandal is the body through which it was done there.

The Quit India Movement began on 9 August 1942, the morning after the All India Congress Committee passed the Quit India resolution in Bombay, and within hours the entire Congress leadership was in jail. That decapitation is the key to what followed: with no central direction, the movement became a series of intensely local risings, and in a handful of places the rebels did not merely disrupt British administration but replaced it. A parallel government meant real functions — collecting revenue, running courts, policing, arbitrating disputes, sometimes maintaining an armed volunteer force. The scale of the state's response is a measure of how serious this was: the Government of India deployed fifty-seven battalions of troops to restore order, soldiers who were badly needed for the war. Bihar, notably, saw the greatest level of violence of any province in the rising.

Approach a 'not correctly matched' question by confirming, not by hunting. Three of these four pairs are standard textbook content and can be ticked off quickly — Satara with Nana Patil's Prati Sarkar, Tamluk with the Jatiya Sarkar, Talcher with the Praja Mandal. Anything left over is the answer, and here the leftover is Kheda. The discriminating test is chronological: ask what each named place is famous for and in which decade. Satara, Tamluk, Talcher and Ballia all belong to 1942. Kheda belongs to 1918, Champaran to 1917, Bardoli to 1928 — the great peasant satyagrahas, which are a different chapter of the syllabus entirely. Any Quit India question that slips a satyagraha district into the list is testing exactly this reflex, and Kheda is the district most often used for it because 'peasant grievance' feels like it should connect.

• Quit India began on 9 August 1942, the day after the AICC's Quit India resolution in Bombay; the Congress leadership was arrested at once, leaving the movement leaderless and local
• Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar: formed 17 December 1942 in the Tamluk and Contai subdivisions of Midnapore under Satish Chandra Samanta; dissolved 8 August 1944 at Gandhi's request
• Satara's Prati Sarkar was founded by Krantisinh Nana Patil, who spent 44 months underground after 1942 and later represented Satara in the Lok Sabha
• The Government of India deployed 57 battalions of troops to suppress the movement, and the greatest level of violence occurred in Bihar
• Kheda's association is with the 1918 revenue satyagraha led by Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel, not with any 1942 parallel government

• Treating Kheda as a Quit India centre; it belongs to 1918, and the two chapters are separated by a quarter of a century
• Answering the pair you can confirm rather than the pair you cannot — a 'not correctly matched' question is answered by elimination, and the leftover is the answer
• Assuming every parallel government was Congress-run; in the princely state of Talcher it worked through the Praja Mandal, the states' own form of popular organisation

BPSC likes the 'which is NOT correctly matched' format for the 1942 parallel governments, and typically seeds it with a famous satyagraha district that has nothing to do with 1942. UPSC rarely matches them; it asks instead who led a named rising, what a leader is remembered for, or which statement about the movement is correct — so the person-place-year triple matters more there than the label.

• practice — not a real PYQ

  The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar, the parallel government of the Quit India Movement, functioned in which region ?

  • (a)Satara district of Bombay Presidency
  • (b)Tamluk and Contai subdivisions of Midnapore
  • (c)Ballia district of the United Provinces
  • (d)Talcher State in Orissa

  Answer(b) Tamluk and Contai subdivisions of Midnapore — formed 17 December 1942 under Satish Chandra Samanta and dissolved on 8 August 1944 at Gandhi's request.

• practice — not a real PYQ

  The Kheda Satyagraha of 1918 was launched over

  • (a)the indigo planters' tinkathia system
  • (b)a demand for remission of land revenue after crop failure
  • (c)a 22 per cent enhancement in land revenue assessment
  • (d)the recruitment of peasants for the war effort

  Answer(b) a demand for remission of land revenue after crop failure — Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel led the Kheda peasants; (a) describes Champaran 1917 and (c) describes Bardoli 1928.