Which of the following were objectives of the G20 Summit, 2023 under India's Presidency? 1. Green development 2. Accelerating progress on SDGs 3. Women-led development Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a)1 and 2 only
- (b)2 and 3 only
- (c)1, 2 and 3
- (d)1 and 3 only
Correct — C, 1, 2 and 3. India held the G20 presidency from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023 and published six priority areas for the year, not three. In order they were Green Development, Climate Finance and LiFE; Accelerated, Inclusive and Resilient Growth; Accelerating progress on the SDGs; Technological Transformation and Digital Public Infrastructure; Multilateral Institutions for the 21st century; and Women-led development. Every one of the three items in the stem is on that published list — green development is the first priority, accelerating progress on the SDGs is the third, and women-led development is the sixth — so all three are objectives and the code is 1, 2 and 3. The item is really a test of whether you read the presidency's own priority list rather than only the summit headlines, because the two priorities the stem leaves out (growth, and digital public infrastructure) are the ones that dominated the news coverage.
- (a)1 and 2 only — Drops women-led development, which India listed as a priority in its own right and pushed hard enough that the New Delhi declaration language moved from 'women's empowerment' to 'women-led development'.
- (b)2 and 3 only — Drops green development, which headed the published list of six priorities as 'Green Development, Climate Finance and LiFE' and carried the Mission LiFE idea into the G20 vocabulary.
- (d)1 and 3 only — Drops accelerating progress on the SDGs, which was a named priority and produced the G20 2023 Action Plan to Accelerate Progress on the SDGs.
The G20 has no charter and no permanent secretariat, so each annual presidency sets the agenda by publishing its own priority areas and running the year's meetings around them. India's presidency ran from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023 under the theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future', and culminated in the 18th Summit at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, on 9 and 10 September 2023.
When a question asks what a presidency's 'objectives' were, the safe move is to recall the published priority list rather than to reason from what felt important. Three of India's six priorities are offered here and all three are genuine, so the trap is the instinct that a three-item list in a code question cannot possibly be entirely correct. That instinct fails often in CDS economics and current-affairs items. Anchor the facts to the exam: as of the April 2024 paper India's presidency had just ended and Brazil held the chair. Since then the position has moved twice more — Brazil hosted the 19th summit at Rio de Janeiro on 18 and 19 November 2024, and South Africa hosted the 20th at Johannesburg on 22 and 23 November 2025, the first G20 summit held on the African continent.
- India's G20 presidency ran from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023.
- Six priority areas were announced, among them Green Development, Accelerating progress on the SDGs, and Women-led development.
- The 18th G20 Summit met at Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi on 9-10 September 2023.
- The summit theme was 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future'.
- The New Delhi Leaders' Declaration was adopted by consensus and the African Union was admitted as a permanent member of the G20.
- Assuming a three-item code question must have at least one wrong item.
- Confusing India's 2023 summit with Brazil's Rio summit of 2024, whose declaration carried the very-high-net-worth taxation language and whose theme was different.
- Remembering only the theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' and not the six published priority areas the question is actually about.
Asked as a statement-code item where every listed objective is genuine, so the decision is whether you know the presidency's published priority list.
With reference to the "G20 Common Framework", consider the following statements: 1. It is an initiative endorsed by the G20 together with the Paris Club. 2. It is an initiative to support Low Income Countries with unsustainable debt. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer(c) Both 1 and 2
The same body, tested on its debt work rather than on a presidency's agenda. Worth pairing because the Common Framework was one of the files India inherited and pushed in 2023, and because it shows UPSC asks about G20 instruments, not only about summits.
CDS_GK_2023_I_Q852023The theme of India’s G20 Presidency ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’ or ‘One Earth-One Family-One Future’ is drawn from the
- (a) Maha Purana
- (b) Maha Upanishad
- (c) Rig Veda
- (d) Smriti
Answer(b) Maha Upanishad
The immediately preceding CDS paper asked about the theme of the same presidency; this one asks about its priorities. Learn the theme, its source text and the six priority areas together — CDS has now examined India's G20 year in two consecutive keyed papers.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The 18th G20 Summit under India's Presidency was held at which venue?
- (a)Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi
- (b)Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
- (c)Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi
- (d)Yashobhoomi, Dwarka
Answer(b) Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi — the summit met there on 9 and 10 September 2023.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Which grouping was admitted as a permanent member of the G20 at the New Delhi Summit of 2023?
- (a)ASEAN
- (b)The African Union
- (c)The Gulf Cooperation Council
- (d)The Pacific Islands Forum
Answer(b) The African Union — admitted at New Delhi in September 2023, taking the G20 to 21 members.