Which one of the following does not fall under the jurisdiction of the apex court of India?
- (a)Original Jurisdiction
- (b)Appellate Jurisdiction
- (c)Collegiate Jurisdiction
- (d)Advisory Jurisdiction
Correct — C, Collegiate Jurisdiction. The Supreme Court of India (the apex court) exercises original jurisdiction (Article 131), appellate jurisdiction (Articles 132–136) and advisory jurisdiction (Article 143), besides its writ jurisdiction under Article 32. 'Collegiate jurisdiction' is not a category of the Court's jurisdiction — the 'collegium' is the system of senior judges that recommends appointments, not a jurisdiction. So C is the one that does not fall under it.
- (a)Original Jurisdiction — This is a genuine jurisdiction — under Article 131 the Supreme Court hears disputes between the Centre and States (and among States) in the first instance, so it is not the odd one out.
- (b)Appellate Jurisdiction — This is real — the Court hears appeals in constitutional, civil and criminal matters (Articles 132–136), so it does fall under its jurisdiction.
- (d)Advisory Jurisdiction — This too is genuine — under Article 143 the President may seek the Court's opinion on a question of law or fact, so it is a valid jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court of India has several kinds of jurisdiction defined by the Constitution: original (disputes between governments), writ (enforcement of fundamental rights), appellate (appeals from lower courts) and advisory (opinions to the President). The 'collegium' is a separate mechanism, evolved through judgments, by which senior judges recommend judicial appointments.
Three options name real jurisdictions; the trap word 'collegiate' sounds official but refers to the collegium system of appointments, not to any power the Court exercises over cases. Spotting that the collegium is about who becomes a judge, not what the Court decides, gives the answer.
- Original jurisdiction (Article 131): Centre–State and inter-State disputes.
- Appellate jurisdiction (Articles 132–136): constitutional, civil and criminal appeals.
- Advisory jurisdiction (Article 143): the President may seek the Court's opinion.
- The collegium is a judicial-appointments mechanism, not a form of jurisdiction.
- Being misled by the official-sounding term 'collegiate jurisdiction'.
- Confusing the collegium (appointments) with a jurisdiction over cases.
An 'odd-one-out' test — three real jurisdictions plus a coined term (collegiate) that is not one.
Which of the following are included in the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court? 1. A dispute between the Government of India and one or more States 2. A dispute regarding elections to either House of the Parliament or that of Legislature of a State 3. A dispute between the Government of India and a Union Territory 4. A dispute between two or more States. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2 and 3
- (c) 1 and 4
- (d) 3 and 4
Answer(c) 1 and 4
Same concept — the jurisdictions of the Supreme Court. That UPSC item probes exactly what falls under its original jurisdiction (Article 131); this one asks which listed 'jurisdiction' is not real (collegiate).
- practice — not a real PYQ
Under which Article does the Supreme Court exercise original jurisdiction in Centre–State disputes?
- (a)Article 32
- (b)Article 131
- (c)Article 143
- (d)Article 226
Answer(b) Article 131 — the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India is provided under
- (a)Article 32
- (b)Article 136
- (c)Article 143
- (d)Article 226
Answer(c) Article 143 — the President may seek the Court's advisory opinion.