UPPSC 2022 Prelims GS Paper-I · Question 128 of 150

Correct — A, Both 1 and 2. Take the paper's code first, because UPPSC 2022 scrambles it: in all eleven two-statement items here the options run (a) Both 1 and 2, (b) Only 1, (c) Neither 1 nor 2 and (d) Only 2. NOT ONE of the four keeps its usual place: the conventional code runs (a) Only 1, (b) Only 2, (c) Both 1 and 2, (d) Neither — so 'Both' has moved from (c) to (a), 'Only 1' from (a) to (b), 'Only 2' from (b) to (d) and 'Neither' from (d) to (c). A candidate reading positions rather than text gets this one right by luck and then loses Q127 on the facing page, which is keyed (b) 'Only 1'. On the substance, both statements hold. Statement 1: Make in India was launched on 25 September 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, so the year in the stem is right. Statement 2: encouraging manufacture within India and facilitating investment is the programme's own stated purpose — its published goals were to raise the manufacturing sector's growth rate to 12-14 per cent a year, to create 100 million additional manufacturing jobs by 2022, and to lift manufacturing's contribution to GDP to 25 per cent by 2022, a target later revised to 2025. It covers twenty-five sectors, automobiles and automobile components among them. Both statements being true, the answer is 'Both 1 and 2'. One honest present-day note for a student reading this in 2026, since the exam was written in June 2022 when the original target year had just arrived: on the programme's own headline measure the results have gone the other way — manufacturing's share of GDP fell from 16.7 per cent in 2013-14 to 15.9 per cent in 2023-24. That does not affect the answer, which turns on when the programme began and what it set out to do, but it is the fact an interview or a Mains answer will want.

• (b)Only 1 — It accepts the launch year but rejects the objective. Encouraging companies to manufacture in India and facilitating investment is not an inference about the programme — it is the aim the programme states for itself, alongside its growth-rate, jobs and GDP-share targets.
• (c)Neither 1 nor 2 — It rejects both statements, and neither is rejectable. The launch date of 25 September 2014 is documented, and the manufacturing-and-investment objective is the programme's stated purpose.
• (d)Only 2 — It accepts the objective but disputes the year. Candidates sometimes date Make in India to 2015 or 2016 because several allied initiatives — Skill India, Start-up India, the Ease of Doing Business push — came later, but the programme itself was launched on 25 September 2014.

Make in India is an industrial-policy programme launched on 25 September 2014, designed to make India a manufacturing destination by easing regulation, opening sectors to investment and building industrial infrastructure. Its three published goals give it a measurable shape: manufacturing growth of 12-14 per cent a year, 100 million additional manufacturing jobs by 2022, and manufacturing at 25 per cent of GDP by 2022, later revised to 2025. It works through twenty-five identified sectors, including automobiles and automobile components. The economic reasoning behind it is the structural-transformation argument — that a country moving out of agriculture ought to move labour into manufacturing before services, because manufacturing absorbs semi-skilled labour at scale and generates tradable output.

Scheme questions in prelims are almost always testing two things — the launch year and the stated objective — so store every major programme as that pair and you will clear most of them. The reason this particular item is easy is that both halves are the programme's own facts rather than an evaluation of it; the examiner is not asking whether Make in India succeeded. Keep the evaluation separate in your notes: as of the latest available figures manufacturing's share of GDP has fallen rather than risen since the programme began, which is exactly the kind of contrast Mains and interviews reward. And keep the allied initiatives distinct from the parent one — Skill India, Digital India, Start-up India and the later Production Linked Incentive schemes are separate programmes with their own launch dates, and confusing their years is the commonest way this question type is failed.

• Make in India was launched on 25 September 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• Its stated goals were to raise manufacturing growth to 12-14 per cent a year, create 100 million additional manufacturing jobs by 2022, and raise manufacturing's share of GDP to 25 per cent by 2022 — the last target later revised to 2025.
• The programme covers twenty-five sectors, with automobiles and automobile components included from the start.
• On its headline measure the programme has underperformed: manufacturing's share of GDP fell from 16.7 per cent in 2013-14 to 15.9 per cent in 2023-24.
• The predecessor policy framework is the National Manufacturing Policy of 2011, which introduced National Investment and Manufacturing Zones, single-window clearance and the Technology Acquisition and Development Fund.

• Dating Make in India to 2015 or 2016 by association with Skill India, Start-up India or Digital India. The launch was 25 September 2014.
• Confusing the programme's target with its outcome. The target was 25 per cent of GDP from manufacturing; the actual share has fallen slightly since 2013-14.
• Reading option positions from another year's paper. In UPPSC 2022 all eleven two-statement items run (a) Both, (b) Only 1, (c) Neither, (d) Only 2.

UPPSC sets government programmes as two-statement items pairing a launch year with a stated aim, or as a scheme-to-ministry match; the state paper adds Uttar Pradesh's own schemes alongside the central ones. UPSC rarely asks the launch year and instead probes the design — which instruments a policy uses, which body implements it, or which of several listed features actually belongs to it.

• practice — not a real PYQ

  The 'Make in India' initiative set a target for the manufacturing sector's contribution to GDP of

  • (a)15 per cent
  • (b)20 per cent
  • (c)25 per cent
  • (d)30 per cent

  Answer(c) 25 per cent — originally to be reached by 2022 and later revised to 2025; the actual share was 15.9 per cent in 2023-24, down from 16.7 per cent in 2013-14.

• practice — not a real PYQ

  Which one of the following policy instruments was introduced by the National Manufacturing Policy, 2011 rather than by 'Make in India'?

  • (a)National Investment and Manufacturing Zones
  • (b)Production Linked Incentive schemes
  • (c)The 25-sector focus list
  • (d)The Ease of Doing Business ranking

  Answer(a) National Investment and Manufacturing Zones — the 2011 policy also brought in single-window clearance and the Technology Acquisition and Development Fund.