A man buys 1 banana for ₹2 and sells it for ₹3. He repeats this 100 times. Profit = ?

Correct — A.
Rule: profit = selling price − cost price, per banana, times the number sold.

Profit on one banana: ₹3 − ₹2 = ₹1
For 100 bananas: ₹1 × 100 = ₹100 → option (a).

Check with totals: he spends ₹2 × 100 = ₹200 and takes in ₹3 × 100 = ₹300, and ₹300 − ₹200 = ₹100.

Why the others are wrong

• (b)
  ₹150 — ₹150 would need ₹1.50 profit per banana. 1.5 is 3 ÷ 2, the ratio of the two prices, not the rupee gain of ₹3 − ₹2 = ₹1.
• (c)
  ₹200 — ₹200 is his total cost, ₹2 × 100. Profit is what is left of the ₹300 he takes in after that cost is paid back.
• (d)
  ₹300 — ₹300 is his total takings, ₹3 × 100. It still includes the ₹200 he paid for the bananas.

Profit is what remains of the selling price once the cost price is paid back. Work it out per item, then scale by the number of items: ₹1 on each banana, ₹100 on a hundred.

Two of the options are the totals themselves, ₹200 spent and ₹300 received. Profit is the gap between them, never either one alone. As a percentage it is 50% on cost, since ₹1 is half of ₹2.

Key facts

• Profit = selling price − cost price.
• Profit on one banana = ₹3 − ₹2 = ₹1.
• Profit % = (1 ÷ 2) × 100 = 50% on cost.

Common traps

• Giving the total selling price, ₹300, as the profit
• Turning the price ratio 3 : 2 into a profit of ₹1.50 per banana

No directly related past PYQ was found.