Which of the following statements regarding the Government of India Act, 1919 is correctly matched with its constitutional implication?

Correct — B. The Government of India Act, 1919 replaced the Imperial Legislative Council with a bicameral central legislature: the Council of State (upper house) and the Legislative Assembly (lower house).

The centre had never had two houses before, so option (b) pairs the provision with its implication correctly: two houses at the central level for the first time.

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  Transferred and Reserved subjects – Created functional overlap between central and provincial powers — Transferred and reserved subjects split the provincial list between ministers and the Governor's council. The Act separated central from provincial subjects and created no overlap.
• (c)
  Establishment of Public Service Commission – Gave financial control to Indian members in the Viceroy’s Council — The Act did provide for a Public Service Commission, set up in 1926, but a PSC recruits civil servants. It gave Indian members of the Viceroy's Council no financial control.
• (d)
  Introduction of diarchy in provinces – Empowered Indian ministers to control defence and foreign affairs — Under diarchy Indian ministers ran only transferred provincial subjects such as education, health and local government. Defence and foreign affairs stayed with the Government of India.

The Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms took shape as the Government of India Act, 1919. At the centre it created a two-house legislature.

In the provinces it introduced diarchy. Transferred subjects (education, health, agriculture, local government) went to ministers answerable to the legislative council.
Reserved subjects (law and order, finance, land revenue, irrigation) stayed with the Governor and his executive council.

It also classified subjects into central and provincial lists and provided for a Public Service Commission.

Key facts

• The Government of India Act, 1919 gave effect to the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms.
• Its central legislature had two houses: the Council of State (upper) and the Legislative Assembly (lower).
• Transferred provincial subjects included education, health, agriculture and local government.
• The Government of India Act, 1935 ended provincial diarchy and introduced provincial autonomy.

Common traps

• Assuming diarchy handed defence or foreign affairs to Indian ministers. It covered only provincial subjects.
• Taking transferred and reserved as a split between centre and provinces. It divides the provincial list itself.

No directly related past PYQ was found.