Choose the option that best expresses the meaning of the word 'Presumption'.
- (a)Prediction based on past experiences
- (b)Judgement made with certainty
- (c)Decision based on facts
- (d)Opinion formed before having all the facts
Correct — D, 'opinion formed before having all the facts'. A 'presumption' is an assumption or belief taken to be true in advance of complete proof (as in 'the presumption of innocence'). Forming a view before the facts are fully in matches this sense of assuming ahead of evidence.
- (a)Prediction based on past experiences — That is closer to a 'forecast' or 'extrapolation'; a presumption is about assuming something to be true, and need not rest on past experience.
- (b)Judgement made with certainty — The opposite — a presumption is provisional and made without certainty, being open to rebuttal once the facts appear.
- (c)Decision based on facts — Also opposite — a presumption is precisely what one holds before the facts are fully established, not a fact-based conclusion.
A 'presumption' is something assumed or taken for granted in advance of complete proof, as in the legal 'presumption of innocence'.
No directly related past PYQ was found.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The legal principle 'presumption of innocence' means the accused is —
- (a)assumed innocent until proven guilty
- (b)certainly guilty
- (c)judged only on facts
- (d)predicted to reoffend
Answer(a) assumed innocent until proven guilty — a belief held before the evidence is complete.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Choose the word for 'a belief held before all the evidence is in'.
- (a)presumption
- (b)certainty
- (c)verdict
- (d)proof
Answer(a) presumption — an assumption made ahead of full proof.