UPSC 2022: Consider the following statements: 1. Pursuant to the report of H.N. Sanyal Committee, the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 was passed. 2. The Constitution of India empowers the Supreme Court and the High Courts to punish for contempt of themselves. 3. The Constitution of India defines Civil Contempt and Criminal Contempt. 4. In India, the Parliament is vested with the powers to make laws on Contempt of Court. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

H. N. Sanyal Committee’s 1963 report led to enactment of the Contempt of Courts Act 1971, so Statement 1 is true. Articles 129 and 215 give the Supreme Court and High Courts inherent power to punish for contempt of themselves, so Statement 2 is true. The Constitution does not define civil or criminal contempt (these are defined in the 1971 Act), so Statement 3 is false. Parliament can legislate on contempt (Entry 77, List I and Art. 142 (2)), making Statement 4 true. Hence, only 1, 2 and 4 are correct. ([unacademy.com](https://unacademy.com/content/upsc/mcqs/prelims-2022/polity/?utm_source=openai))