India’s first interplanetary mission is:

Correct — D. Mangalyaan, ISRO's Mars Orbiter Mission, was launched on 5 November 2013 and entered orbit around Mars on 24 September 2014.

Mars is another planet, so this was India's first interplanetary mission. India also became the first country to reach Mars orbit on its first attempt → option (d).

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  Chandrayaan-1 — Chandrayaan-1, launched on 22 October 2008, went to the Moon. The Moon is Earth's natural satellite, not a planet, so the mission was lunar, not interplanetary.
• (b)
  Gaganyaan — Gaganyaan is India's crewed spacecraft, built to carry astronauts to low Earth orbit. Circling Earth is not travelling to another planet.
• (c)
  Aditya-L1 — Aditya-L1, launched on 2 September 2023, watches the Sun from a halo orbit around the Sun–Earth L1 point, about 1.5 million km away. The Sun is a star, not a planet.

An interplanetary mission is one sent to another planet. The Moon is Earth's natural satellite and the Sun is a star, so missions to either are not interplanetary, however far they travel.

Sort India's missions by destination: Chandrayaan-1 to the Moon (2008), Mangalyaan to Mars (2013), Aditya-L1 to the Sun–Earth L1 point (2023). Gaganyaan is the crewed programme for low Earth orbit.

Key facts

• Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan): launched 5 November 2013, entered Mars orbit 24 September 2014.
• India was the first country to enter Mars orbit on its first attempt.
• Chandrayaan-1, India's lunar orbiter and impactor, was launched on 22 October 2008.
• Aditya-L1, India's first solar observation mission, was launched on 2 September 2023 to a halo orbit around the Sun–Earth L1 point.

Common traps

• Counting Chandrayaan-1 because it came first — the Moon is Earth's satellite, not a planet.
• Reading Aditya-L1 as interplanetary because it travels 1.5 million km — the destination decides, not the distance.

No directly related past PYQ was found.