Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph: 1. This phenomenon is often referred to as a "network effect," where the value of a service increases with the number of its users. 2. Consequently, they tend to dominate their respective markets, leading to the creation of powerful monopolies or oligopolies. 3. The digital economy has given rise to new business models that rely on the accumulation of data and the scale of their user base. 4. A prime example is the platform economy, where companies like social media networks and ride-sharing apps create value by connecting users.
- (a)2, 3, 4, 1
- (b)4, 1, 2, 3
- (c)3, 4, 1, 2
- (d)1, 3, 2, 4
Answer
Why
Correct — C. Open with the sentence that points back to nothing: sentence 3, which introduces the new business models.
A prime example (4) needs a claim to illustrate, so it follows 3.
This phenomenon (1) names what 4 describes: value from connecting users.
Consequently, they (2) gives the result, market dominance, so it closes.
3, 4, 1, 2 → option (c).
Why the others are wrong
- (a)2, 3, 4, 1 — It opens with Consequently, they: a result of nothing yet stated, and a pronoun with nothing to refer to. A paragraph cannot begin with a consequence.
- (b)4, 1, 2, 3 — It opens with A prime example, an example of nothing yet stated, and pushes the general claim in sentence 3 to the end.
- (d)1, 3, 2, 4 — It opens with This phenomenon before any phenomenon has been described. The network effect has to follow the platform example that shows it.
Concept
Para-jumbles turn on words that point backwards. A sentence carrying one needs an earlier sentence to point to:
This + noun needs the thing already described.
A prime example needs the general claim first.
Consequently needs its cause first.
A sentence with none of these is the candidate opener. Here that is 3, and each wrong ordering starts with a pointing sentence instead.
Key facts
- Sentence 3 has no word that points back, so it opens.
- A prime example (4) follows the claim it illustrates.
- This phenomenon (1) picks up what 4 describes, value created by connecting users, and names it the network effect.
- Consequently (2) marks a result, so it comes after its cause.
Study next
Common traps
- Opening with sentence 1 because it names the key term, network effect, although This phenomenon needs something before it
- Opening with the concrete example (4) before the general claim it illustrates
Also asked 12 Sep 2025, 12:30, English Q.24: a definition opens and Consequently follows the cause it depends on (keyed 3, 2, 1, 4).
15 Sep 2025, 09:00, English Q.24 chains This, As a result and These technologies after a general opener (keyed 3, 1, 2, 4).
Related PYQs
No directly related past PYQ was found.