A sentence is provided in direct speech. From the four given options, choose the one that most accurately conveys the sentence in its corresponding indirect speech. He said, “I have seen that movie already.”
- (a)He said that he saw that movie already.
- (b)He said that he had seen that movie already.
- (c)He said that he have seen that movie already.
- (d)He said that he was seeing that movie already.
Answer
Why
Correct — B. The reporting verb said is past, so the quoted tense moves one step back.
Tense: present perfect have seen → past perfect had seen.
Pronoun: the speaker's I → he.
'That movie' and 'already' stay as they are.
He said that he had seen that movie already → option (b).
Why the others are wrong
- (a)He said that he saw that movie already. — Saw is the simple past. After the past verb said, the standard backshift takes the present perfect have seen to the past perfect had seen, not to saw.
- (c)He said that he have seen that movie already. — He have breaks subject-verb agreement (he has) and leaves the tense unshifted after the past verb said. It is the quoted verb carried over as it was.
- (d)He said that he was seeing that movie already. — Was seeing is the past continuous, an action in progress. The original reports a finished experience, marked by have seen and already, so it becomes had seen.
Concept
After a past reporting verb such as said, each tense in the quote moves one step back: simple present to simple past, present perfect to past perfect, will to would.
Pronouns shift to the reporter's point of view, so the speaker's I becomes he. Already is not tied to the moment of speaking, so it stays.
The four options here differ only in the verb, so fixing the tense settles the item.
Everyday English sometimes keeps a present perfect when the fact is still true at the time of reporting. No option offers the unshifted 'he has seen', and the key takes the regular backshift that the past verb said calls for.
Key facts
- After a past reporting verb, the present perfect (have seen) becomes the past perfect (had seen).
- The speaker's I becomes he or she in the report.
- Already does not change in the report, unlike now (then) or today (that day).
Study next
Common traps
- Choosing saw because it is the familiar past form — the present perfect shifts to had seen.
- Changing the pronoun but not the verb, which leaves the ungrammatical he have seen.
The same backshift, in its continuous form, decides 17 Sep 2025, 09:00, English Q.22, where 'We have been working' becomes 'they had been working'.
Related PYQs
No directly related past PYQ was found.