Land needed for mining, dams and other large-scale projects is acquired mostly from Adivasis, hill dwellers and rural communities. The displaced persons are paid monetary compensation as per the legal provisions. However, the payment is often tardy. In any case, it cannot sustain the displaced families for long. These people do not possess marketable skills to engage in some other occupation. They end up as low paid migrant labourers. Moreover, their traditional ways of community living are destroyed. Thus, the benefits of development go to industries, industrialists and urban communities whereas the costs are passed on to these poor helpless people. This unjust distribution of costs and benefits is unethical. Suppose you have been entrusted with the task of drafting a better compensation-cum-rehabilitation policy for such displaced persons, how would you approach the problem and what would be the main elements of your suggested policy?

Key learnings from their answer

• ›He runs an identical 5-step skeleton on EVERY Section-B case study: Stakeholders -> Issues involved -> Options available (each weighed with an explicit Merit/Demerit pair) -> chosen option -> long-term measures (used across the Sarpanch-on-paper, shelter-home rape, Chief Secretary PWD-tender, and SPV power-plant cases). -> Build one reusable case-study template and apply it mechanically so under exam pressure you never freeze on 'how do I structure this 20-marker', the Merit/Demerit weighing of each option is what shows the examiner you reasoned rather than jumped to a verdict.
• ›He backs reform arguments with NAMED authorities instead of vague 'committees have suggested', 2nd ARC's 2-year cooling-off period and its Code of Ethics/Code of Conduct (post-retirement-jobs answer), the Nolan Committee, the Supreme Court's Civil Services Board, and the LARR Act 2013. -> Memorise a handful of precise, citable ethics/governance anchors (committee + its specific recommendation, landmark act + year) so your suggestions read as informed policy rather than opinion.