At which place was the fourth conference of 'Kumaon Parisad' held ?
- (a)Kotdwar
- (b)Haldwani
- (c)Kashipur
- (d)Almora
Correct — C, Kashipur.
The Kumaon Parishad was founded at Almora in 1916 and held its first annual session there in 1917. Its later gatherings met in the towns below the hills — the Bhabar and Terai belt — and the fourth annual session was held at Kashipur in 1920.
The Kashipur session matters for what it settled, not only for where it sat. There the Parishad moved from petitioning the administration to open political work, throwing its weight behind the Non-Cooperation Movement, with forced labour — coolie-begar — as its sharpest grievance.
The ordinal in the stem carries the answer, because all four towns are Parishad venues. Recognising a place as a meeting town of the Parishad does not settle the question; the session number does.
- (a)Kotdwar — Kotdwar is the answer to another of the Parishad's annual sessions, held in the years before the Kashipur meeting — the right body, the wrong session number.
It carries a geography point worth keeping. Kotdwar lies in Garhwal, in present-day Pauri Garhwal district, at the foot of the hills, so the Parishad's platform reached beyond Kumaon itself.
- (b)Haldwani — Haldwani is the answer to another of the Parishad's annual sessions, held in the years before Kashipur. It is a genuine Parishad venue, so the town alone does not settle the ordinal.
Haldwani sits in the Bhabar belt at the foot of the Kumaon hills, in present-day Nainital district — a meeting point for delegates coming down from the hills and up from the plains.
- (d)Almora — Almora is the answer to where the Kumaon Parishad was founded in 1916 and where its first annual session was held in 1917 — the same body, three sessions and three years earlier.
The founding town and the fourth session's town are separate facts. Almora was the Parishad's original centre; by 1920 the annual session had moved down to Kashipur.
A regional political association of this kind lives by its annual sessions. Each session fixes a place, a president and a set of resolutions, and the run of sessions is how the body's history gets told.
The Kumaon Parishad, formed in 1916, was the platform on which hill grievances such as forced labour and forest restrictions were gathered and pushed into the wider national movement.
A question about a session is therefore a question about a timeline: where the body began, where it went next, and at which stop its politics changed.
This sits in Uttarakhand's modern history, in the stretch between the founding of hill associations around 1916 and the mass agitations of the early 1920s.
The Kashipur session of 1920 is the hinge in that stretch. The Parishad committed itself to Non-Cooperation there, and the coolie-begar campaign then came to a head at Bageshwar in January 1921.
The venue on its own is a small fact; what makes it worth holding is the session it is attached to.
- The Kumaon Parishad was founded at Almora in 1916.
- Its first annual session was held at Almora in 1917.
- Its fourth annual session was held at Kashipur in 1920.
- Haldwani and Kotdwar hosted annual sessions of the Parishad in the years between Almora and Kashipur.
- Kashipur lies in the plains of present-day Udham Singh Nagar district; Kotdwar lies in Garhwal, in present-day Pauri Garhwal district.
- Badri Datt Pandey, Hargovind Pant and Govind Ballabh Pant were among the Parishad's leading figures.
- Govind Ballabh Pant practised law at Kashipur early in his career.
- At the Uttarayani fair in Bageshwar in January 1921, coolie-begar registers were thrown into the Saryu at its confluence with the Gomti.
- Badri Datt Pandey, who led that campaign, came to be called 'Kumaon Kesari'.
The towns belong to one body's calendar; the session number is the discriminator.
- The stem asks for a session number, not for the body's home. Almora answers 'where was it founded' and 'where did it first meet', which are different questions from this one.
- Recalling that the Parishad met at a town is not the same as placing that meeting in the sequence; the option set is built out of real venues, so the town alone decides nothing.
- The Bageshwar gathering belongs to January 1921, after the Kashipur session of 1920. Pulling it forward collapses two dates into one and misplaces the fourth session.
- Ordinal-plus-venue wording turns up across many topics, from Buddhist councils to international conferences. Anchor the ordinal to the body named in the stem before searching memory.
- Kotdwar is a Garhwal town, which makes 'a Garhwal town, so not the Kumaon Parishad' look like a usable shortcut. The Parishad did meet there, so it is the ordinal, not the region, that makes the option wrong here.
This body reaches you through its calendar. An item can fix the session and ask for the town, fix the town and ask for the session, or name a session and ask who presided over it.
A second shape asks what a session decided — the Kashipur meeting's turn towards Non-Cooperation, or the resolutions against forced labour.
A third folds the Parishad into the wider story, pairing it with the coolie-begar campaign or with the leaders who carried it.
UKPSC_2024_PRE_GSI_Q1472024Same body and the same run of sessions. That item fixes the session — the first, at Almora in 1917 — and asks who presided; this one fixes the ordinal, the fourth, and asks for the town. Read together they show that the venue and the president of a session are alike open to being asked, and that the Almora date belongs to the first session rather than to this one.
HPSC_2019_PRE_GSII_Q72019Shares the device, not the subject. There a numbered council has to be matched to a place, with the ordinal carrying the whole answer — the same demand made here. What differs is everything else: that item pairs the four Buddhist councils with venues in ancient India, while this one concerns the annual meetings of a regional association in early twentieth-century Kumaon.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The Kumaon Parishad was founded in 1916 at:
- (a)Nainital
- (b)Almora
- (c)Haldwani
- (d)Kashipur
Answerb — the Parishad was founded at Almora in 1916 and held its first annual session there in 1917.Kashipur hosted the fourth session in 1920 and Haldwani an annual session before that, so each is a venue from later in the calendar rather than the founding place. Nainital is not the founding town; it served as the summer seat of the United Provinces administration.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Which of the following belongs to the Kumaon Parishad's session held at Kashipur in 1920?
- (a)The founding of the Parishad
- (b)The Parishad's first annual session
- (c)The Parishad's decision to back the Non-Cooperation Movement
- (d)The throwing of coolie-begar registers into the Saryu
Answerc — at Kashipur in 1920 the Parishad backed the Non-Cooperation Movement, moving from petitions to open political work. The founding and the first annual session both belong to Almora, in 1916 and 1917. The coolie-begar registers went into the Saryu at Bageshwar in January 1921, the year after this session. - practice — not a real PYQ
The public renunciation of coolie-begar, when the registers were thrown into the river during the Uttarayani fair of January 1921, took place at:
- (a)Kashipur
- (b)Bageshwar
- (c)Almora
- (d)Haldwani
Answerb — Bageshwar, at the confluence of the Saryu and the Gomti, where the Uttarayani fair is held; Badri Datt Pandey led the campaign and came to be called 'Kumaon Kesari'.Kashipur is the venue of the Parishad's fourth session, in 1920, the year before. Almora is the founding town of 1916 and the site of the first session in 1917. Haldwani hosted an annual session, not this gathering.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Kashipur is situated in which district of Uttarakhand?
- (a)Nainital
- (b)Haridwar
- (c)Pauri Garhwal
- (d)Udham Singh Nagar
Answerd — Kashipur lies in Udham Singh Nagar district, in the plains of the Terai. Nainital district contains Haldwani, in the Bhabar belt below the hills. Pauri Garhwal district contains Kotdwar, the Garhwal town at the foot of the hills. Haridwar is a district of the western plains on the Ganga and does not contain Kashipur.