Read the following statement carefully and identify the conclusion that follows. Statement: Government vehicles are instructed to avoid using sirens except during emergencies. Conclusions: I. Sirens are often used unnecessarily. II. This will help reduce noise pollution.

Correct — C.
Rule: a conclusion follows when the statement itself supports it.

Conclusion I: an order to avoid sirens except in emergencies implies sirens were being used outside emergencies. That is the problem the order fixes.

Conclusion II: fewer sirens means less noise, so the order will help reduce noise pollution. That is its direct effect.

Both follow → option (c).

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  Only Conclusion I follows — Only I leaves out the order's direct effect. Sirens sounded only in emergencies make less noise overall, so Conclusion II follows too.
• (b)
  Only Conclusion II follows — Only II leaves out the order's reason. An instruction to stop non-emergency siren use implies such use was happening, which is what Conclusion I says.
• (d)
  Neither I nor II follows — Neither suits conclusions that need outside facts. Both here come from the order itself: I is its reason, II is its effect.

A statement–conclusion item asks what the statement itself supports, not what you know from outside. A conclusion that needs extra facts fails.

An instruction to avoid something 'except during emergencies' carries two things with it: the problem it answers (sirens sounded when there is no emergency) and the result it aims at (less siren noise). Conclusions I and II are exactly those two.

Key facts

• A conclusion must rest on the statement alone, not on outside knowledge.
• An order to avoid X except in emergencies implies X was happening outside emergencies.
• A conclusion that adds a sweeping word such as all or never goes beyond what the statement gives.

Common traps

• Rejecting Conclusion I because the statement never uses the word 'misuse', when the order itself implies it
• Rejecting Conclusion II as outside knowledge, when less noise is the direct effect of fewer sirens

No directly related past PYQ was found.