A, B, and C invest ₹40,000, ₹60,000, and ₹80,000 respectively for 1 year. What is B’s share in a ₹55,000 profit?

Correct — A. All three invest for the same 1 year, so profit follows the ratio of capitals.

Ratio A : B : C = 40,000 : 60,000 : 80,000
Divide each by 20,000 = 2 : 3 : 4
Add the parts: 2 + 3 + 4 = 9

B's share = 3⁄9 × 55,000
= 55,000 ÷ 3 = ₹18,333.33 → option (a)

Why the others are wrong

• (b)
  ₹20,333.33 — Three times ₹20,333.33 is about ₹61,000, not ₹55,000. B holds 3 of 9 parts, exactly one-third, so three times B's share must be the whole profit.
• (c)
  ₹21,333.33 — Three times ₹21,333.33 is about ₹64,000, not ₹55,000. B's 3 parts out of 9 are exactly one-third of the profit.
• (d)
  ₹22,333.33 — ₹22,333.33 is about 40.6% of the profit, but B's 3 parts of 9 are 33⅓%. Three times it is about ₹67,000, not ₹55,000.

In a partnership, profit is split in the ratio of capital × time. When every partner stays the same period, time cancels and the capitals alone set the ratio.

Reduce the capitals first (40 : 60 : 80 → 2 : 3 : 4), then give each partner their parts over the total. B's 3 parts of 9 are exactly one-third, which is why the answer ends in a recurring .33.

Key facts

• Profit share is proportional to capital × time, so with equal time it follows capital alone.
• 40,000 : 60,000 : 80,000 reduces to 2 : 3 : 4.
• The three shares are ₹12,222.22, ₹18,333.33 and ₹24,444.44, adding back to ₹55,000 up to rounding.

Common traps

• Splitting the profit equally among the three partners: it lands on B's figure here only because 3⁄9 = 1⁄3.

No directly related past PYQ was found.