The number of students in two sections A and B having different heights is shown in the table given below: Height (in metres) | Section A | Section B 1.55 | 5 | 4 1.60 | 9 | 8 1.62 | 11 | 13 1.65 | 14 | 10 1.68 | 6 | 7 1.71 | 7 | 5 1.75 | 4 | 3 What is the ratio of the total number of students in Section A whose height is less than 1.65 metres to the total number of students in Section B whose height is less than 1.65 metres?

- (a)25:26
- (b)1:1
- (c)26:25
- (d)25:25
Answer
Why
Correct — B. "Less than 1.65" keeps the rows 1.55, 1.60 and 1.62. The 1.65 row itself is out.
Add Section A's rows: 5 + 9 + 11 = 25
Add Section B's rows: 4 + 8 + 13 = 25
Ratio A : B = 25 : 25
Divide both terms by 25 = 1 : 1 → option (b)
Why the others are wrong
- (a)25:26 — Section B has 25, not 26, below 1.65 m: 4 + 8 + 13 = 25. Both counts are 25, so a 26 on either side cannot appear.
- (c)26:25 — Section A has 25, not 26, below 1.65 m: 5 + 9 + 11 = 25. With both counts equal, the ratio cannot lean towards Section A.
- (d)25:25 — 25:25 is not in lowest terms. It equals 1:1 in value, the same ratio before dividing both terms by 25, and the key marks the reduced form, (b).
Concept
This is a threshold read off a table. "Less than 1.65" is strict: it takes every height below 1.65 and drops the 1.65 row. "At most 1.65" or "1.65 or less" would take that row too.
Fix the qualifying rows first, then add the same rows in each column. Here both columns sum to 25, so the ratio is 1:1.
Options (b) and (d) are equal in value: 25:25 reduces to 1:1. The key marks (b), the lowest-terms form. If you chose (d), your counting was right and only the last step, cancelling, was skipped.
Key facts
- "Less than x" excludes x itself, while "at most x" and "not more than x" include it.
- A ratio is reduced by dividing both terms by their HCF: 25 : 25 → 1 : 1.
- Adding the 1.65 row as well gives Section A 39 and Section B 35.
Study next
Common traps
- Counting the 1.65 row: that gives 39 : 35, which is not among the options.
- Stopping at 25 : 25 without cancelling to 1 : 1.
A table threshold also decides 12 Sep 2024, 09:00, Quant Q.12, where "at least 40%" of 50 marks means the 20-and-above column, so there the boundary is included.
Related PYQs
No directly related past PYQ was found.