Which of the following schemes enables students mobility across Higher Education Institutions?

Correct — A. The Academic Bank of Credits is a digital store of academic credit. Credits a student earns at any registered institution are deposited into one account and can later be redeemed towards a degree elsewhere.

That is exactly what mobility across Higher Education Institutions requires — a learner can switch institutions, or leave and return, without the credits already earned going to waste.

Multiple entry and exit under NEP 2020 works only because something holds the credits in between, and that something is option (a).

Why the others are wrong

• (b)
  National Educational Technology Forum — The National Educational Technology Forum is a platform for exchanging ideas on the use of technology in teaching, assessment and administration. It advises on technology and holds no student credit.
• (c)
  Structured Assessment for Analysing Learning Levels (SAFAL) — SAFAL is a school assessment — a competency-based test of learning levels in Grades 3, 5 and 8 under CBSE. It measures what children have learned and touches no part of higher education.
• (d)
  PM Umeed scheme — No credit account attaches to this option. The question asks for the mechanism that lets earned credit travel between Higher Education Institutions, and only the Academic Bank of Credits does that.

The Academic Bank of Credits comes out of the National Education Policy 2020 and was notified through UGC regulations in 2021.

Think of it as a bank account whose currency is credit. Institutions deposit the credits a student earns, the student owns the account, and the institution awarding the final degree redeems them.

Without it, NEP's multiple entry and multiple exit design collapses: a student who leaves after one year with a certificate and returns three years later would have nothing to show. The ABC is the plumbing that makes the policy's promise mechanical rather than rhetorical.

Key facts

• The Academic Bank of Credits was set up under the National Education Policy 2020 and notified through UGC regulations in 2021.
• Credits deposited in the ABC belong to the student and are redeemed by the institution that awards the final degree.
• The ABC is what makes multiple entry and multiple exit in undergraduate programmes workable.
• The National Educational Technology Forum was also proposed by NEP 2020, as a forum for exchanging ideas on technology in education.

Common traps

• Choosing NETF because it also comes from NEP 2020, when it advises on technology rather than on credit.
• Reading SAFAL as a higher-education scheme when it is a CBSE school assessment.

No directly related past PYQ was found.