With reference to Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Income (MISHTI), which of the following statements is/are correct ?
1. It was initiated in 2019.
2. It aims to restore Mangrov

Question

With reference to Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Income (MISHTI), which of the following statements is/are correct ?
1. It was initiated in 2019.
2. It aims to restore Mangrove forests.
Select the correct answer from the code given below :
Code :

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — A, Only 2. Statement 2 is right: MISHTI's entire purpose is mangrove afforestation and restoration along India's coastline and on salt-pan lands, run by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Statement 1 is wrong on the year: MISHTI was not initiated in 2019 — it was announced in the Union Budget 2023-24 (1 February 2023) and formally launched on 5 June 2023, World Environment Day. Since only the second statement holds, the answer is 'Only 2'.

Why the other options are wrong — (b) This would require the 2019 start date to be true. It is not — MISHTI is a Budget 2023-24 announcement, launched in June 2023. 2019 is the year of the Jal Jeevan Mission and Fit India, not of MISHTI; candidates who remember only 'a recent environment scheme' often default to a pre-COVID year.  (c) Statement 2 is plainly true — the scheme's own name says 'Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes', and its target is roughly 540 sq km of mangrove cover across nine States and four Union Territories. Rejecting both statements throws away the free half of the question.  (d) This is the exact inversion of the truth: it accepts the false year and rejects the true aim. It is the option a candidate lands on by misreading the code rather than by misremembering the scheme.

Concept: MISHTI — Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes — is a Government of India programme for mangrove plantation and restoration along the coastline and on salt-pan lands, administered by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It runs for five years from FY 2023-24 to FY 2027-28 and targets roughly 540 sq km of mangrove area across nine coastal States and four Union Territories. It has no separate budget line of its own: it is funded by convergence between National and State CAMPA (compensatory afforestation) funds, MGNREGS and State plan schemes, on an 80:20 Centre-State sharing pattern.

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