Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists :
List - I
(Movement)
A. Pabna
B. Eka
C. Santhal
D. Tana Bhagat
List - II
(Year)
1. 1855-56
2. 1873-85

Question

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists :
List - I
(Movement)
A. Pabna
B. Eka
C. Santhal
D. Tana Bhagat
List - II
(Year)
1. 1855-56
2. 1873-85
3. 1922
4. 1914
Codes :

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — B, A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4. Taking them in the order of the list: the Pabna agitation (A) opened in 1873 in Pabna district of eastern Bengal, where cultivators formed agrarian leagues, struck against enhanced rents and illegal cesses and fought their landlords largely through the courts; the movement and its litigation ran on into the mid-1880s and fed directly into the Bengal Tenancy Act of 1885 — hence the paper's span 1873-85, which is item 2. The Eka or 'Unity' movement (B) belongs to the Awadh districts of the United Provinces — Hardoi, Bahraich, Barabanki, Sitapur — where tenants took a symbolic oath to pay only the recorded rent and to resist eviction; begun in the closing weeks of 1921, it ran through and was crushed during 1922, which is item 3. The Santhal Hul (C), led by the brothers Sidhu and Kanhu against zamindars, moneylenders and the police in the Rajmahal hills, is 1855-56, item 1. The Tana Bhagat movement (D), begun by Jatra Oraon among the Oraons of Chotanagpur as a monotheistic reform that turned into a refusal of rent and forced labour, dates from 1914, item 4. Only option (b) carries all four.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) This code hands Pabna the Santhal dates (1855-56) and pushes the Santhal Hul forward to 1914, which is the Tana Bhagat year. It effectively rotates the whole list, so every single pair is wrong.  (c) It dates Pabna to 1922 and the Eka movement to 1855-56 — an impossibility, since Eka grew out of the Awadh Kisan Sabha activity that followed the First World War and is inseparable from the Non-Cooperation years. All four pairs are wrong.  (d) The most tempting wrong option, because it gets Eka right at 1922 and then fails on the other three: Pabna is placed in 1914, the Santhal Hul in 1873-85 and the Tana Bhagat movement in 1855-56. In a match-list question one correct pair is not enough — check every row before choosing.

Concept: Colonial India saw two overlapping streams of rural protest that examiners deliberately mix. The first is the peasant or agrarian movement of the settled plains, aimed at zamindars, planters and moneylenders and at the rent and revenue system behind them — the Indigo revolt, Pabna, the Deccan riots, the Awadh Kisan Sabha and Eka. The second is the tribal or adivasi uprising of the forest and hill tracts, aimed at outsiders (dikus) who took over land, forest rights and credit — the Santhal Hul, Birsa Munda's Ulgulan, the Tana Bhagat movement. Each is fixed by three things: where it happened, when, and who led it.

State PCS 2019 Q133 — History PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2019 Q133 — History PYQ with Answer