Who also founded the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918 A.D.?

Question

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — C, Indra Narayan Dwivedi. The United Provinces Kisan Sabha was set up in February 1918 by Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi — the 'also' in the question points to the second name of that founding pair. Both came out of Home Rule League circles, and Madan Mohan Malaviya backed the new body and lent it his prestige. The Sabha spread quickly through the districts of Awadh, taking up the tenants' grievances — bedakhli (arbitrary eviction), nazrana (illegal premiums on tenancy), begar (forced labour) and rising rents — and it was through this network that Jawaharlal Nehru was drawn into the villages in June 1920.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) Madan Mohan Malaviya supported the Kisan Sabha and gave it respectability, and he is rightly listed among those associated with it — but the founders named in the standard accounts of February 1918 are Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi.  (b) Baba Ramchandra was the Awadh peasant leader — a returned indentured labourer from Fiji — who led the tenant agitation from 1920 and helped set up the Oudh Kisan Sabha in October 1920; that is a different body, two years later.  (d) Jhinguri Singh is named among the local leaders who, with Baba Ramchandra and others, formed the Oudh Kisan Sabha in October 1920 — again the 1920 organisation, not the 1918 one.

Concept: Two organisations, two years apart, are constantly mixed up. The United Provinces Kisan Sabha (February 1918) was the earlier, more moderate body founded by Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi with Malaviya's support, working through Home Rule League networks. The Oudh Kisan Sabha (October 1920, Pratapgarh) came out of differences within it and was set up by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra, Gauri Shankar Mishra, Mata Badal Pande, Jhinguri Singh and others; it absorbed most of the district kisan sabhas and drove the militant phase of the Awadh movement.

State PCS 2026 Q54 — History PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2026 Q54 — History PYQ with Answer