Which of the following Provision is a part of both Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties?
- (a)Participation of workers in management of industries
- (b)Protection of environment
- (c)Guardians to provide opportunity for education to children
- (d)Uniform Civil Code
Correct — B, Protection of environment. It appears in BOTH parts of the Constitution: as a Directive Principle in Article 48A ('The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country') and as a Fundamental Duty in Article 51A(g) ('to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life...'). Both were inserted by the 42nd Amendment (1976), making environmental protection a shared duty of the State and the citizen.
- (a)Participation of workers in management of industries — Only a Directive Principle — Article 43A (added by the 42nd Amendment). It is not listed among the Fundamental Duties, so it is not in both parts.
- (c)Guardians to provide opportunity for education to children — Only a Fundamental Duty — Article 51A(k) (added by the 86th Amendment, 2002), obliging a parent/guardian to provide education opportunities to a child aged 6-14. It is not framed as a Directive Principle.
- (d)Uniform Civil Code — Only a Directive Principle — Article 44 directs the State to secure a Uniform Civil Code. It has no counterpart among the Fundamental Duties.
Directive Principles (Part IV) guide the State's policy; Fundamental Duties (Part IVA, added by the 42nd Amendment on the Swaran Singh Committee's advice) list moral obligations of citizens. Environmental protection is unusual in that the 42nd Amendment placed it in BOTH — Article 48A as a duty of the State and Article 51A(g) as a duty of the citizen.
The question hinges on which single subject the Constitution addresses to both the State and the citizen. Test each option's home: workers' participation (43A) and UCC (44) are DPSP-only; a guardian's duty to educate (51A(k)) is FD-only; only environmental protection is duplicated in 48A + 51A(g). That overlap is the intended answer.
- Article 48A (DPSP) — State to protect and improve the environment, forests and wildlife.
- Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty) — citizen to protect and improve the natural environment.
- Both were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.
- Article 43A (workers' participation) and Article 44 (UCC) are DPSP-only; Article 51A(k) (guardian's duty to educate) is FD-only.
Only environmental protection is placed in both Part IV and Part IVA (both added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976).
- Treating Article 43A (workers' participation) as a Fundamental Duty — it is DPSP-only.
- Assuming the guardian's education duty (51A(k)) is also a Directive Principle — it is FD-only.
Polity questions ask which provision is common to DPSP and Fundamental Duties, or which was added by the 42nd Amendment — environmental protection (48A + 51A(g)) is the classic overlap.
Other than the Fundamental Rights, which of the following parts of the Constitution of India reflect/reflects the principles and provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)? 1. Preamble 2. Directive Principles of State Policy 3. Fundamental Duties. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer(d) 1, 2 and 3
Same conceptual pairing — the interplay of Directive Principles (Part IV) and Fundamental Duties (Part IVA), the two parts a provision must appear in for this UPPSC question.
“To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India” is a provision made in the
- (a) Preamble of the Constitution
- (b) Directive Principles of State Policy
- (c) Fundamental Rights
- (d) Fundamental Duties
Answer(d) Fundamental Duties
Same skill — mapping a given provision to the correct constitutional part (here, a Fundamental Duty under Article 51A), exactly what this UPPSC question tests for environmental protection.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Article 48A of the Constitution, dealing with protection of the environment, was added by which amendment?
- (a)24th Amendment
- (b)42nd Amendment
- (c)44th Amendment
- (d)86th Amendment
Answer(b) 42nd Amendment (1976) — which also added the Fundamental Duties in Part IVA.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The duty 'to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life' is contained in which Article?
- (a)Article 48A
- (b)Article 51A(g)
- (c)Article 21
- (d)Article 39
Answer(b) Article 51A(g) — the environmental Fundamental Duty (its DPSP counterpart is Article 48A).