Which of the following pairs (School of Thought – Proponent) is correctly matched?
- (a)Uttara Mimansa - Kapila
- (b)Mimansa - Kanada
- (c)Nyaya - Gautama
- (d)Vaisheshika - Patanjali
Correct — C, Nyaya – Gautama. The Nyaya school of logic and epistemology was founded by the sage Gautama (also called Akshapada Gautama), author of the Nyaya Sutras. This is the only correctly matched pair in the options; the other three attach a founder to the wrong school.
- (a)Uttara Mimansa - Kapila — Wrong on both counts — Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta) was propounded by Badarayana (Vyasa); Kapila is the founder of the Samkhya school.
- (b)Mimansa - Kanada — Wrong — (Purva) Mimamsa was founded by Jaimini; Kanada is the founder of the Vaisheshika school.
- (d)Vaisheshika - Patanjali — Wrong — Vaisheshika was founded by Kanada; Patanjali is the founder of the Yoga school.
The six orthodox (astika) schools of Indian philosophy — the Shad Darshanas — form three traditional pairs with their founding sages: Nyaya (Gautama) and Vaisheshika (Kanada); Samkhya (Kapila) and Yoga (Patanjali); Purva Mimamsa (Jaimini) and Uttara Mimamsa/Vedanta (Badarayana). Only the Nyaya–Gautama pairing among the options is intact.
A 'which pair is correct' question built from a deliberately scrambled set. If you know the six founder-school pairs cold, Nyaya–Gautama stands out; the other three each mis-assign a founder (Kapila belongs to Samkhya not Vedanta, Kanada to Vaisheshika not Mimamsa, Patanjali to Yoga not Vaisheshika).
- Nyaya → Gautama (Akshapada); Vaisheshika → Kanada.
- Samkhya → Kapila; Yoga → Patanjali.
- Purva Mimamsa → Jaimini; Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta) → Badarayana (Vyasa).
- These six astika schools accept the authority of the Vedas (unlike Charvaka, Buddhism and Jainism).
Only (c) Nyaya–Gautama is correctly matched; the other options swap the founders.
- Swapping Kapila (Samkhya) with Badarayana (Vedanta), or Kanada (Vaisheshika) with Jaimini (Mimamsa).
- Assigning Patanjali to Vaisheshika instead of Yoga.
School↔founder matching; the six orthodox founder-pairs must be memorised.
Which one of the following pairs does not form part of the six systems of Indian Philosophy?
- (a) Mimamsa and Vedanta
- (b) Nyaya and Vaisheshika
- (c) Lokayata and Kapalika
- (d) Sankhya and Yoga
Answer(c) Lokayata and Kapalika — Lokayata (Charvaka) is heterodox and Kapalika is a Shaivite sect, so this pair is not among the six orthodox systems.
Same concept — identifying the six orthodox (astika) schools of Indian philosophy; Q148 tests school↔founder, this tests which pair belongs to the six systems.
According to the Mimamsa system of philosophy, liberation is possible by means of
- (a) Jnana
- (b) Bhakti
- (c) Yoga
- (d) Karma
Answer(d) Karma — Purva Mimamsa (Karma-Mimamsa) holds that performance of Vedic ritual action leads to liberation.
Same domain — the doctrine of the Mimamsa school, one of the six darshanas whose founders Q148 asks you to match.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy, known for its atomistic view of the universe, was founded by:
- (a)Kanada
- (b)Kapila
- (c)Jaimini
- (d)Patanjali
Answer(a) Kanada — author of the Vaisheshika Sutras.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Which pair is correctly matched? (School – Founder)
- (a)Samkhya – Kapila
- (b)Yoga – Jaimini
- (c)Mimamsa – Gautama
- (d)Vedanta – Kanada
Answer(a) Samkhya – Kapila — the others are all mismatched.