SSC CGL 2025 Tier-I · 19 September 2025, Shift 3 · General Awareness · Question 18 of 100

We transcribed this text from the pictures on a candidate's response sheet for this shift; the answer is the key SSC colour-marked on that sheet. Solution last reviewed 11 September 2026.

Where this paper and its answers come from

SSC does not publish CGL question papers or a public answer key. From 2025 the candidate response sheet prints every question and option as a picture, so the text here is transcribed from those pictures for this shift and checked against them independently; where the layout carries meaning, the picture is shown as well. Each answer is the key SSC colour-marked on that sheet. SSC released a tentative key for challenge and later its final one, both only to candidates behind a login, and the sheet does not say which of the two it carries. The solutions are written by UnlockIAS.

According to the Global Peace Index 2024, what is the role of Positive Peace in the context of violent conflict and economic instability?

(a)It measures the number of conflicts per country
(b)It predicts military expenditure trend
(c)It identifies structural factors that promote peace and can forecast declines in peacefulness
(d)It calculates the percentage of GDP lost due to war

Answer

Why

Correct — C. The Global Peace Index 2024, from the Institute for Economics & Peace, defines Positive Peace as the attitudes, institutions and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies.

The report adds that Positive Peace can be used to forecast future falls in peacefulness, with accuracy rates of up to 80 per cent.

Structural factors plus forecasting → option (c).

Why the others are wrong

(a)
It measures the number of conflicts per country — Conflict counts sit in the GPI itself: its Ongoing Conflict domain has indicators such as internal and external conflicts fought. Positive Peace measures the structures behind peace.
(b)
It predicts military expenditure trend — Military expenditure (% of GDP) is one of the GPI's 23 indicators, under Militarisation. It is measured, not forecast, and Positive Peace is not a spending projection.
(d)
It calculates the percentage of GDP lost due to war — The cost of violence is a separate IEP estimate, $19.1 trillion in 2023 or 13.5 per cent of global GDP. It covers violence broadly, and it is not Positive Peace.

Concept

The GPI measures Negative Peace, the absence of violence or fear of violence. Its 2024 edition, the 18th, ranks 163 independent states and territories on 23 indicators.

The indicators fall in three domains: Societal Safety and Security, Ongoing Domestic and International Conflict, and Militarisation.

Positive Peace is its complement: the institutions and attitudes that keep a society peaceful, and so signal when peace is likely to fall.

The 2024 report counts 56 active conflicts, the most since the Second World War, and ranks Yemen the least peaceful country for the first time.

Key facts

The Global Peace Index is produced by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP).
The 2024 GPI ranks 163 independent states and territories on 23 indicators in three domains.
IEP defines Positive Peace as the attitudes, institutions and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies.
Iceland is the most peaceful country in the 2024 GPI, a position it has held since 2008.

Study next

The three GPI domains and their indicatorsGlobal Peace Index 2025 headline findingsIEP's economic impact of violence estimate

Common traps

Treating Positive Peace as a count of conflicts: that count sits in the GPI's Ongoing Conflict domain.
Confusing the economic impact of violence, a cost estimate, with Positive Peace, a measure of peace-sustaining structures.

The 2025 edition is asked for its headline trend, a gradual decline in peacefulness, at 18 Sep 2025, 12:30, GA Q.18. Here the 2024 report is asked for a concept, not a rank.

Related PYQs

No directly related past PYQ was found.