Consider the following statement and choose the option that follows. Statements: I. The government launched a financial literacy mission. II. Many citizens remain unaware of basic banking facilities.

Correct — B.
Rule: the cause comes first and prompts the effect. Ask which statement would make the other happen.

II, citizens unaware of basic banking facilities, is a problem.
I, a financial literacy mission, reads as the response to it.
The gap prompts the mission; the mission does not create the gap.

II is the cause and I is the effect → option (b).

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  I is the cause and II is the effect. — I as the cause would mean launching a literacy mission left citizens unaware of banking. A mission aims to shrink that gap, so the direction runs the other way.
• (c)
  Both are effects of the same cause. — Effects of the same cause needs a third event behind both. None is given, and one statement directly explains the other: unawareness is why a mission is needed.
• (d)
  No relation. — No relation misses the shared subject. A financial literacy mission and citizens unaware of banking facilities are about the same gap in knowledge.

Cause-and-effect items give two events and ask which produced which. Test each direction as a sentence: 'Because many citizens were unaware of banking, the government launched a literacy mission' reads naturally, and the reverse does not.

When one statement is a problem and the other an action taken about it, read the action as the effect: governments act because the problem exists.

Key facts

• The cause happens first and prompts the effect.
• A response or remedy is the effect of the problem it answers.
• Effects of a common cause need a third event that produced both.

Common traps

• Taking the statements in printed order and marking I as the cause
• Choosing a common cause because both statements concern banking

No directly related past PYQ was found.