A large cubical cake needs to be cut into 64 smaller, identical cubical pieces. What is the minimum number of straight cuts required?
- (a)8
- (b)9
- (c)16
- (d)63
Answer
Why
Correct — B.
Edge count: 64 = 4³, so the cake splits into 4 pieces along each edge
Cuts per edge: 4 pieces need 4 − 1 = 3 parallel cuts
Three directions: 3 + 3 + 3 = 9 cuts → option (b)
Check: (3 + 1) × (3 + 1) × (3 + 1) = 64 identical cubes
Why the others are wrong
- (a)8 — 8 cuts leave one of the nine needed planes uncut. Split them 3 + 3 + 2 and you get 4 × 4 × 3 = 48 pieces, and those are not cubes.
- (c)16 — 16 is 4 × 4, the number of pieces in one layer of the cut cake, not a count of cuts. Nine cuts already give all 64.
- (d)63 — 63 = 64 − 1 counts one new piece per cut, as if each cut split a single piece. A straight cut through the whole cake splits every piece it crosses.
Concept
A straight cut through the whole cake is a plane. Parallel planes along one edge split it into (cuts + 1) slabs, so n pieces along an edge need n − 1 cuts.
Cuts in the three directions multiply: a, b and c cuts give (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1) pieces. For 64 identical cubes every edge needs 4 pieces, hence 3 cuts in each direction.
The key of 9 assumes the pieces stay where they are between cuts.
If you could stack pieces and cut them together, 6 cuts would do (each cut at most doubles the piece count, and 2⁶ = 64). 6 is not offered.
Key facts
- n equal pieces along one edge need n − 1 parallel cuts.
- a, b and c cuts in the three directions give (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1) pieces.
- Cutting a cube into n³ identical cubes without moving pieces takes 3(n − 1) cuts.
Study next
Common traps
- Counting pieces instead of cuts along an edge: 4 pieces need 3 cuts, not 4.
- Assuming each cut adds only one piece, which gives 63.
11 Sep 2024, 16:00, Quant Q.15 counts pieces edge by edge in the same way: a 50 × 150 × 175 cm cuboid cut into the largest identical cubes (edge 25 cm, the HCF) gives 2 × 6 × 7 = 84, the keyed answer.
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