Select the correct option: While the proposal appeared pragmatic on paper, its implementation proved ___ complicated than expected.
- (a)less
- (b)more
- (c)much
- (d)rather
Answer
Why
Correct — B. Two triggers decide the blank.
Than expected needs a comparative in front of it. Complicated is a long adjective, so its comparative is built with more or less, never with -er.
While sets up a contrast: the proposal looked pragmatic on paper, so the implementation must turn out harder, not easier. That gives more complicated than expected → option (b).
Why the others are wrong
- (a)less — Less is a comparative, so the grammar works, but the logic does not. 'Less complicated than expected' would agree with the pragmatic look, leaving While nothing to contrast.
- (c)much — Much is not a comparative, so 'much complicated than' gives than no comparative to follow. Much can strengthen a comparative, as in much more complicated, but cannot stand in for one.
- (d)rather — Rather before an adjective means 'fairly', as in rather complicated, and is not a comparative either. 'Rather more complicated than expected' would work, because the more does the comparing.
Concept
In a comparison, than needs a comparative in front of it. Short adjectives add -er (faster, cheaper). Adjectives of three or more syllables, like complicated, use more and less instead.
Grammar narrows the options to less and more. Meaning picks between them. While here is contrastive: it sets one clause against the other.
'Appeared pragmatic on paper' is the favourable half, so the second half must go against it: the implementation proved more complicated than expected.
Pragmatic here means practical and realistic, the kind of plan that should be straightforward to carry out. That expectation is exactly what the second clause overturns.
Key facts
- Than in a comparison needs a comparative: more complicated than, cheaper than.
- Adjectives of three or more syllables form comparatives with more and less, not -er.
- Much and far can strengthen a comparative: much more complicated, far cheaper.
- While can introduce a contrast, meaning although or whereas.
Study next
Common traps
- Choosing less on grammar alone without checking what While sets up
- Choosing much because 'much more' is familiar, forgetting that the more is missing from the option
Than needing a real comparative is tested as error-spotting at 24 Sep 2024, 09:00, English Q.9, where 'move slowly than' is keyed as the error (it needs more slowly).
The same rule is tested as a substitution at 26 Sep 2024, 09:00, English Q.20, where 'is costly than' is replaced by the keyed 'is costlier'.
Related PYQs
No directly related past PYQ was found.