A bicycle wheel having a radius of 35 cm. What percentage of its circumference is covered in a quarter turn?( Use π=22⁄7)
- (a)15%
- (b)25%
- (c)30%
- (d)35%
Answer
Why
Correct — B. One full turn of a wheel rolls out one full circumference. A quarter turn rolls out a quarter of it.
Circumference = 2πr = 2 × 22⁄7 × 35 = 220 cm
Quarter turn = 220 ÷ 4 = 55 cm
Percentage = 55 ÷ 220 × 100 = 25% → option (b)
The radius cancels: a quarter of any circumference is 25%.
Why the others are wrong
- (a)15% — 15% of a turn is 0.15 × 360° = 54°, well short of a quarter turn's 90°. On this wheel it would cover 33 cm, not 55 cm.
- (c)30% — 30% of a turn is 108°, more than the 90° of a quarter turn. It would roll out 66 cm of the 220 cm rim, not 55 cm.
- (d)35% — 35 is the radius in centimetres, not a percentage. The share of the rim covered depends only on the fraction of a turn, and a quarter is 25% for any radius.
Concept
A wheel rolling without slipping moves forward by the length of rim that touches the ground. One turn = one circumference, 2πr.
A fraction of a turn covers the same fraction of the circumference. A quarter turn is 90° of 360°, so it covers 1⁄4 = 25%.
The radius and π matter only when the question asks for a distance in centimetres. For a percentage of the circumference they cancel.
The radius (35 cm) and π = 22⁄7 in the stem play no part in the percentage. They give the distance: 220 cm a full turn and 55 cm a quarter turn.
Key facts
- Distance covered in one revolution = circumference = 2πr.
- A wheel of radius 35 cm has circumference 2 × 22⁄7 × 35 = 220 cm.
- A quarter turn is 90°, which is 25% of a full turn and of the circumference.
Study next
Common traps
- Reaching for the radius because it is printed, when the percentage of a circumference depends only on the fraction of a turn.
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