Which of the following states is one of those states that have no Panchayati Raj Institution at all?

Correct — B. Nagaland is one of the states that Part IX of the Constitution, the Panchayats part, simply does not reach — so it has no Panchayati Raj Institution at all.

Article 243M puts that in words: Part IX shall not apply to the States of Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram, nor to the hill areas of Manipur for which district councils exist.

What Nagaland runs instead are village councils set up by its own state legislation. They are statutory bodies of the state, not constitutional Panchayats, which is why option (b) is the state named here.

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  Assam — Assam works a full three-tier system under its own Panchayat Act — Gaon Panchayat, Anchalik Panchayat and Zila Parishad — and goes to panchayat polls like any other Part IX state.
• (c)
  Gujarat — Gujarat elects village, taluka and district panchayats under Part IX. It is one of the states usually cited for an early and well-established panchayat structure, not one outside the system.
• (d)
  Punjab — Punjab has the standard three tiers the 73rd Amendment requires — Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad — under its own Panchayati Raj Act.

Part IX of the Constitution, inserted by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, gave Panchayati Raj a constitutional footing: elected panchayats at village, intermediate and district level, a five-year term, reservation of seats, and a State Election Commission to run the polls.

It does not cover the whole country. Article 243M keeps three full states and certain scheduled and tribal areas outside it, on the reasoning that those areas already have their own traditional or Sixth Schedule institutions.

That exclusion is what this question is testing — not how well a state runs its panchayats, but whether Part IX applies to it at all.

Key facts

• Part IX of the Constitution, dealing with Panchayats, was inserted by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
• Article 243M excludes the States of Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram from Part IX.
• Article 243B lets a state whose population does not exceed twenty lakh skip the intermediate tier.
• The Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects that may be devolved to the Panchayats.

Common traps

• Reading 'north-eastern state' as 'no panchayats' — Assam runs a full three-tier system.
• Treating Nagaland's statutory village councils as constitutional Panchayats.

No directly related past PYQ was found.