Q is the mother of T. R is the husband of P. S is the father of Q. T is the brother of P. How is P related to S?

Correct — A. Build the chain from the statements that name a parent.

S is the father of Q, and Q is the mother of T.
T is the brother of P, so P and T share a mother — Q is P's mother too.
R is the husband of P, so P is female.

That gives one straight line: S → Q → P. P is Q's daughter and Q is S's daughter, so P is S's daughter's daughter — option (a).

Why the others are wrong

• (b)
  Mother’s father — That describes how S stands to P, not how P stands to S. The stem asks for P's relation, so the answer has to name what P is.
• (c)
  Brother’s wife — This would need P to be married to a brother of S. R is P's husband, and nothing in the statements makes R a sibling of S.
• (d)
  Mother’s mother — This puts P two generations above S. The chain runs the other way: S is the father of Q, who is the mother of P.

Blood-relation chains are read by fixing generations first and sex second.

Generations come from the parent statements. Q is the mother of T, and T is P's brother, so Q is also P's mother. S is the father of Q. That stacks S, Q and P in three consecutive generations.

Sex comes from the marriage clause. R is the husband of P, so P is female, and the answer must use a female term — daughter's daughter rather than son's daughter.

Key facts

• T is the brother of P and Q is the mother of T, so Q is the mother of P as well.
• R being the husband of P fixes P as female.
• S is the father of Q, which makes S the maternal grandfather of P.
• The stem asks how P is related to S, so the answer names what P is to S.

Common traps

• Answering the reverse relation, which is exactly what Mother's father describes
• Missing that T's mother must also be P's mother, the only link joining P to Q
• Assuming P is male before reading the clause that names P's husband

No directly related past PYQ was found.