The given table shows the expenditure in (in crores ₹) of three companies A, B and C and the percentage profit of these companies in different years. Given that: Income = Expenditure + Expenditure × (Profit % ⁄ 100) Years → Company A Expenditure | Company A Profit | Company B Expenditure | Company B Profit | Company C Expenditure | Company C Profit 2002 — 24 | 50% | 20 | 40% | 40 | 45% 2003 — 30 | 45% | 15 | 25% | 50 | 55% 2004 — 36 | 40% | 25 | 35% | 60 | 65% 2005 — 40 | 60% | 35 | 48% | 80 | 75% What is the income (in crore ₹) of Company C in the year 2003?

Correct — A. The definition is printed inside the question image with the table:
Income = Expenditure + Expenditure × (Profit % ⁄ 100)

Company C's 2003 row gives Expenditure = 50 crore ₹ and Profit = 55%.

Profit in crores = 50 × 55⁄100 = 27.5
Income = 50 + 27.5 = 77.5 crore ₹ → option (a).

In one step: income = expenditure × 1.55 = 50 × 1.55 = 77.5.

Why the others are wrong

• (b)
  75.7 — 75.7 is 77.5 with its last two digits swapped. On an expenditure of 50 it would need a profit of 51.4%, not the 55% printed in the C column for 2003.
• (c)
  69.8 — 69.8 matches no row of the table. On an expenditure of 50 it would take a profit of 39.6%, and Company C's income for 2003 is fixed by the printed 55%.
• (d)
  105 — 105 is 50 + 55 — the profit percentage added on as though it were crores. A percentage is not a quantity; 55% of 50 is 27.5.

The item supplies its own definition, and that definition is the one to use: income is expenditure plus a profit taken as a percentage of expenditure, not of income.

So a 55% profit on 50 crore is 27.5 crore and the income is 77.5 crore. Collapsing the two steps, income = expenditure × (1 + profit%⁄100), which here is 50 × 1.55.

Key facts

• As defined in this question, income = expenditure × (1 + profit%⁄100).
• Company C's expenditure in 2003 is 50 crore ₹ and its profit that year is 55%.
• Company C's income in 2003 is therefore 77.5 crore ₹.
• Profit here is a percentage of expenditure, not of income.

Common traps

• Adding the profit percentage as a rupee figure, which lands on option (d)
• Reading the neighbouring column, where Company B's 2003 expenditure is 15 and Company A's is 30
• Applying the percentage to income rather than to expenditure

No directly related past PYQ was found.