27 is related to 119 following a certain logic. Following the same logic, 33 is related to 143. To which of the following is 42 related, following the same logic? (NOTE : Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into its constituent digits. E.g. 13 – Operations on 13 such as adding /deleting /multiplying etc., to 13 can be performed. Breaking down 13 into 1 and 3 and then performing mathematical operations on 1 and 3 is not allowed.)

Correct — C. Difference the two given pairs to get the multiplier, then read the constant off either one.

143 − 119 = 24 and 33 − 27 = 6, so the multiplier is 24 ÷ 6 = 4.
119 − (4 × 27) = 119 − 108 = 11.

Rule: n → 4n + 11.

42 × 4 = 168 → 168 + 11 = 179 → option (c).

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  162 — 162 is 4 × 42 − 6. It keeps the multiplier but flips the constant from +11 to −6 for this pair alone, and both given pairs agree on +11.
• (b)
  153 — 153 is 4 × 42 − 15. Nothing in 27 → 119 or 33 → 143 produces a negative constant, so this needs a second, different rule.
• (d)
  188 — 188 is 4 × 42 + 20. The multiplication is right and the constant is wrong, which is the shape of almost every miss on this question type.

Same family as a two-pair number analogy: you are given enough to solve for a rule of the form n → an + b, so solve rather than guess.

Difference the outputs, difference the inputs, divide. (143 − 119) ÷ (33 − 27) = 24 ÷ 6 = 4 gives the multiplier without any trial.

Then substitute back into either pair for the constant: 119 = 4 × 27 + b gives b = 11. Check it on the second pair — 4 × 33 + 11 = 143 — and only then apply it to 42.

Key facts

• 27 × 4 + 11 = 119 and 33 × 4 + 11 = 143, so the map is n → 4n + 11.
• The multiplier is the ratio of the differences: (143 − 119) ÷ (33 − 27) = 4.
• Applying the map to 42 gives 4 × 42 + 11 = 179.

Common traps

• Fitting a rule to one pair. 27 → 119 is also satisfied by n → 5n − 16, which then sends 33 to 149, not 143.
• Stopping at 4 × 42 = 168 and looking for it among the options.
• Splitting 27 into 2 and 7, which the NOTE in the stem bans.

No directly related past PYQ was found.