Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which conclusion/s logically follow/s from the given statements. Statements: All apples are mangoes. All mangoes are lemons. All lemons are kiwis. Conclusions: (I) All apples are lemons. (II) All mangoes are kiwis.

Correct — C. Rule: All A are B plus All B are C gives All A are C — universal affirmatives chain.

The statements nest three deep: apples inside mangoes, mangoes inside lemons, lemons inside kiwis.

Conclusion I, all apples are lemons: apples sit inside mangoes, which sit inside lemons. It follows.

Conclusion II, all mangoes are kiwis: mangoes sit inside lemons, which sit inside kiwis. It follows.

Both hold, so option (c).

Why the others are wrong

• (a)
  Neither conclusion I nor II follow. — Neither would follow only if some link in the chain were particular (Some) or negative (No). Every statement here is an unrestricted All, so both chains close.
• (b)
  Only conclusion II follows. — Conclusion II does follow, but so does I. Apples reach lemons through mangoes in exactly two links, the same chain length that makes II work.
• (d)
  Only conclusion I follows. — Conclusion I does follow, but II is no riskier a claim. Mangoes to lemons to kiwis is the same two-link chain, so II follows on the identical rule.

Syllogism here is pure set containment. Draw the three statements as circles inside circles: apples in mangoes, mangoes in lemons, lemons in kiwis.

Whatever is true of an outer circle is true of everything inside it, so any smaller set is contained in every larger one. That single nested drawing settles every possible conclusion at once.

The rule worth holding: All plus All chains, Some plus Some does not. Two universals share a middle term whose whole extent is covered, so the link is safe. Two particulars leave the overlap unlocated.

Key facts

• All A are B combined with All B are C yields All A are C.
• Two particular statements, both beginning with Some, never yield a definite conclusion on their own.
• A conclusion must hold in every diagram the statements allow, not merely in one.

Common traps

• Reversing a universal, reading All apples are lemons as All lemons are apples
• Rejecting a conclusion because it skips a term, when containment is transitive
• Letting real-world knowledge about fruit override the given statements

No directly related past PYQ was found.