Consider the following events and arrange them in correct chronological order.
1. Poona Pact
2. End of Civil Disobedience Movement
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
4. Second Round Table Conference
Select the corr

Question

Consider the following events and arrange them in correct chronological order.
1. Poona Pact
2. End of Civil Disobedience Movement
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
4. Second Round Table Conference
Select the correct answer from the code given below :
Code :

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — D, 3, 4, 1, 2. Take the four events in their real order. (3) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact — also called the Delhi Pact — was signed on 5 March 1931: Gandhi agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement and to attend the next Round Table Conference, and the government agreed to withdraw the repressive ordinances and release prisoners not convicted of violence. (4) The Second Round Table Conference followed directly from that bargain and ran in London from 7 September to 1 December 1931, with Gandhi attending as the sole Congress representative; it deadlocked over separate representation for minorities and the Depressed Classes. (1) The Poona Pact came on 24 September 1932 — after Ramsay MacDonald's Communal Award of 16 August 1932 granted separate electorates to the Depressed Classes and Gandhi began a fast unto death in Yerwada jail on 20 September, Gandhi and Dr B. R. Ambedkar settled on a joint electorate with reserved seats instead. (2) The end of the Civil Disobedience Movement came last: the movement was relaunched in January 1932 after Gandhi returned from London, was suspended in May 1933 and was formally withdrawn in April 1934. So 1931 → 1931 → 1932 → 1934, which is 3, 4, 1, 2.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) The first two are right, but this places the end of the Civil Disobedience Movement before the Poona Pact. That is the classic slip: the Gandhi-Irwin Pact did stop the movement in March 1931, so 'the end' feels like a 1931 event. It was only a SUSPENSION — Gandhi relaunched civil disobedience in January 1932, and the movement was finally wound up in 1933-34, well after the Poona Pact of September 1932.  (b) Two errors at once. It puts the Second Round Table Conference before the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, whereas Congress attended that conference only because of the pact, and it repeats the mistake of ending the movement before the Poona Pact. The first half is tempting only if you are thinking of the FIRST Round Table Conference (November 1930 - January 1931), which Congress boycotted.  (c) The last two are correctly ordered, but the first two are reversed. The Second Round Table Conference (September-December 1931) came six months AFTER the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 5 March 1931; indeed one clause of the pact was the invitation to Congress to take part in it.

Concept: The four events belong to one continuous chain running from 1930 to 1934. The Civil Disobedience Movement opened with the Dandi March on 12 March 1930. Because Congress boycotted the First Round Table Conference (November 1930 - January 1931), that conference achieved nothing, and the government needed Congress at the table — hence the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of March 1931, which traded the suspension of the movement for Congress participation. The Second Round Table Conference then broke down on the question of who would represent the minorities and the Depressed Classes, which produced the Communal Award of August 1932, which produced Gandhi's fast and the Poona Pact of September 1932. Meanwhile the movement, restarted in January 1932 and met with mass repression, faded and was formally withdrawn in April 1934. Each event is the cause of the next, so the sequence can be reconstructed from the logic even if a date slips.

State PCS 2025 Q32 — History PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2025 Q32 — History PYQ with Answer