Example of Lotic ecosystem is -

Question

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — B, Rivers. Freshwater ecosystems are split into two types by water movement: LOTIC (from Latin lotus, 'washed/flowing') systems have running water — rivers, streams, springs and brooks — while LENTIC systems have standing/still water. A river's continuous flow is the defining feature of a lotic ecosystem, so it is the only running-water option here. The current keeps the water well-oxygenated and shapes specialised communities (organisms adapted to cling on, such as riffle-dwelling insects).

Why the other options are wrong — (a) A pond is standing water — a classic LENTIC (still-water) ecosystem, the opposite of lotic.  (c) A marsh is a wetland with stagnant or very slow-moving water; it belongs to the lentic/wetland category, not flowing (lotic) water.  (d) A swamp is a waterlogged wetland with essentially still water; like ponds and marshes it is lentic, not lotic.

Concept: Inland freshwater ecosystems are classified by whether the water flows. Lotic ecosystems (rivers, streams, springs) have moving water; lentic ecosystems (lakes, ponds, pools, marshes, swamps) have standing water. Flow controls oxygen levels, nutrient transport and which organisms can survive, so the two habitats support very different life.

State PCS 2023 Q22 — Environment & Ecology PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2023 Q22 — Environment & Ecology PYQ with Answer