Multidimensional poverty index includes :
i. Health
ii. Education
iii. Living Standard
Select correct answer from the codes given below :

Question

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — D, all three: health, education and living standard. The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is built on exactly these three equally weighted dimensions, unpacked into ten indicators — health (nutrition, child mortality), education (years of schooling, school attendance) and standard of living (cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets). It was developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) with UNDP support and first published in the Human Development Report 2010, where it replaced the Human Poverty Index that the HDR had been using since 1997. Because all three listed items are dimensions of the MPI, the code that accepts i, ii and iii together is the only complete answer.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) Health is a genuine MPI dimension, but it is only one of three. Restricting the index to health would leave out schooling deprivation and the household-level living-standard deprivations that supply six of the MPI's ten indicators.  (b) This drops health, which carries a full one-third of the MPI's weight through its two indicators — nutrition and child mortality. No version of the MPI omits health.  (c) Health and education alone give you something close to the older Human Development Index thinking. The MPI's distinctive contribution is precisely the third leg — concrete household living conditions such as cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing and assets.

Concept: The MPI is a non-monetary, household-level measure of poverty: instead of asking whether a household's income falls below a rupee cut-off, it asks in how many specific ways the household is deprived. Using the Alkire-Foster method, each household gets a weighted deprivation score across ten indicators grouped in three equally weighted dimensions; a household counted as multidimensionally poor is one deprived in at least one-third of the weighted indicators. The headline MPI value is then the incidence of poverty (the share of people who are poor) multiplied by its intensity (the average share of deprivations those poor people suffer), which is why the MPI can fall either because fewer people are poor or because the poor are deprived in fewer ways.

State PCS 2019 Q31 — Economy PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2019 Q31 — Economy PYQ with Answer