Match the following :
(a) Vitthal Ramji Shinde
(b) Khasesaheb Pawar
(c) Dinkarrao Javalkar
(d) Shripatrao Shinde
(i) President, 'Valve Taluka Shetkari Parishad' at Borgaon
(ii) President, Fourth sessi

Question

Match the following :
(a) Vitthal Ramji Shinde
(b) Khasesaheb Pawar
(c) Dinkarrao Javalkar
(d) Shripatrao Shinde
(i) President, 'Valve Taluka Shetkari Parishad' at Borgaon
(ii) President, Fourth session of 'Mumbai Prantik Brahmanetar Party'
(iii) Weekly 'Tej'
(iv) Vijayi Maratha

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Correct — option (1), the straight-through match (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv). The two rows a candidate can be certain of are the last two, and either of them alone settles the question. Statement (c), Dinkarrao Javalkar, goes with item (iii), the weekly Tej: Javalkar, who lived from 1898 to 1932, was the fiery half of the Jedhe-Javalkar partnership that ran non-Brahmin politics in Poona in the 1920s, and he took the editorship of Tej in 1931, in the last months of a short life, writing in it on subjects such as the raising of a peasant army. He had managed Tarun Maratha at Kolhapur earlier and had taken over Kaivari in 1927, and his notoriety rested on Deshache Dushman of July 1925, the pamphlet attacking Tilak and Chiplunkar as enemies of the country, for which he and Keshavrao Jedhe were prosecuted for sedition and convicted, the conviction being overturned on appeal in October 1926 in a case argued for them by Dr Ambedkar. Statement (d), Shripatrao Shinde, goes with item (iv), Vijayi Maratha: he founded and edited that weekly in 1919 from Poona, and it became the principal organ of the non-Brahmin and peasant cause in western Maharashtra, alongside its contemporaries Brahmanetar at Wardha, Rashtraveer at Belgaum and Jagruti at Baroda. Now look at what those two pairings do to the option set. No other choice offers Tej to Javalkar, and no other choice offers Vijayi Maratha to Shripatrao Shinde; each of the remaining three moves one or both of those titles to a different man. So the two remaining rows, which give statement (a), Vitthal Ramji Shinde, the presidency of the Valve Taluka Shetkari Parishad at Borgaon, and statement (b), Khasesaheb Pawar, the presidency of the fourth session of the Mumbai Prantik Brahmanetar Party, are carried by the same choice and need not be independently recalled. Valve is the English column's spelling of Walwa — the Marathi column prints वाळवे — a taluka in what is now Sangli district; Vitthal Ramji Shinde's presence in a peasant conference is consistent with the direction of his later work, which extended from the campaign against untouchability into the agrarian question in the second half of the 1920s.

Why the other options are wrong — (b) This choice reverses the whole column. It hands Vijayi Maratha to Vitthal Ramji Shinde, the weekly Tej to Khasesaheb Pawar, the presidency of the Brahmanetar Party session to Dinkarrao Javalkar and the Borgaon farmers' conference to Shripatrao Shinde. Both of the verifiable rows fail: Vijayi Maratha was founded and edited by Shripatrao Shinde in 1919, not by Vitthal Ramji Shinde, and Tej was Javalkar's paper, not Pawar's. The shared surname is the trap being worked here — Vitthal Ramji Shinde the reformer and Shripatrao Shinde the journalist are two different men of the same period and the same broad politics, and a candidate reading quickly will not register which Shinde a row refers to.  (c) Here Vitthal Ramji Shinde is given the presidency of the Brahmanetar Party session, Khasesaheb Pawar is given Vijayi Maratha, Javalkar is given the Borgaon farmers' conference and Shripatrao Shinde is given the weekly Tej. Both journals are misattributed, which is enough to reject it, and the row that gives Javalkar a farmers' conference is doubly implausible: his working life was spent in Poona city politics, in pamphleteering and in newspaper editing, and he died in 1932 at thirty-four. The choice illustrates why a candidate should anchor on the newspapers rather than on the conferences — the papers have single, documented editors, whereas a conference presidency is a one-off event much harder to recall.  (d) This choice gives the weekly Tej to Vitthal Ramji Shinde, the Borgaon farmers' conference to Khasesaheb Pawar, Vijayi Maratha to Dinkarrao Javalkar and the Brahmanetar Party session to Shripatrao Shinde. The third row is the seductive one, because Javalkar was genuinely a non-Brahmin journalist and Vijayi Maratha was genuinely a non-Brahmin weekly, so the pairing is thematically right and factually wrong. That is the characteristic hazard of this whole cluster: half a dozen men of the same movement, the same decade and the same district, each editing a different paper, so that any name can be attached to any title without the sentence sounding odd. Only the specific editor-to-title link protects a candidate, and here it is Shripatrao Shinde who founded Vijayi Maratha in 1919.

Concept: The non-Brahmin movement in the Bombay Presidency turned political after 1920, and its chief instrument was the vernacular weekly. Where the earlier Satyashodhak generation had used the jalsa, the travelling performance, the generation that came up under the shadow of Shahu Maharaj of Kolhapur used print, and a cluster of Marathi weeklies appeared to carry the argument: Vijayi Maratha at Poona, Brahmanetar at Wardha, Rashtraveer at Belgaum, Jagruti at Baroda, Tarun Maratha at Kolhapur, Din Mitra from Tarawadi, and later Tej. Their common programme was representation for non-Brahmins in education, government service and the legislature, an attack on the hereditary privileges of the village Brahmin officers, and a claim on Shivaji as a non-Brahmin rather than a Brahmanical symbol. The Mumbai Prantik Brahmanetar Paksha, the Bombay provincial non-Brahmin party, was the political vehicle. The movement supplied much of the personnel and most of the vocabulary of later Maharashtra politics, and by the 1930s its leading figures were dividing between the Congress, which absorbed the Jedhe group, and Ambedkar's separate organisation of the depressed classes.

State PCS 2021 Q8 — History PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2021 Q8 — History PYQ with Answer