By which Amendment of the Indian Constitution have the municipal laws been updated?

Question

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — C, 74th Amendment. The Constitution (74th Amendment) Act, 1992 inserted Part IX-A (Articles 243P–243ZG) and the Twelfth Schedule, giving constitutional status to urban local bodies — Municipalities — and updating the municipal law framework across states.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) The 71st Amendment Act, 1992 added Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali to the Eighth Schedule — a language matter, unrelated to municipal law.  (b) The 72nd Amendment Act, 1992 dealt with reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Tripura Legislative Assembly, not municipal law.  (d) The companion amendment — the 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 inserted Part IX for Panchayats (rural local government), not municipalities (urban).

Concept: The 73rd and 74th Amendments, both passed in 1992, gave constitutional status to India's two tiers of local self-government. The 73rd Amendment (Part IX) covers rural Panchayats; the 74th Amendment (Part IX-A) covers urban Municipalities and is the one that modernised municipal law.

State PCS 2023 Q17 — Indian Polity PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2023 Q17 — Indian Polity PYQ with Answer