Vijayanagara Empire was established in which year?
- (a)1336 A.D.
- (b)1236 A.D.
- (c)1436 A.D.
- (d)1316 A.D.
Correct — A, 1336 A.D. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, who established the kingdom on the south bank of the Tungabhadra river (the site that grew into the city of Vijayanagara, present-day Hampi), traditionally with the guidance of the sage Vidyaranya of Sringeri. This founding line is known as the Sangama dynasty, the first of the four dynasties (Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, Aravidu) that ruled Vijayanagara.
- (b)1236 A.D. — A century too early — this falls within the early Delhi Sultanate period (Iltutmish era), long before Vijayanagara's founding.
- (c)1436 A.D. — A century too late — by 1436 the Sangama dynasty was already a century old; this date falls within the reign of Deva Raya II.
- (d)1316 A.D. — Twenty years too early — 1316 predates the empire's founding and falls within the late Khalji/early Tughlaq period in Delhi.
The Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1646) was founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty on the Tungabhadra's south bank, growing into one of medieval South India's largest and most prosperous Hindu empires, famed for its capital city Vijayanagara ('city of victory', modern Hampi). It rose partly as a bulwark against the northern Deccan/Delhi Sultanate expansion and later fought a sustained rivalry with the Bahmani Sultanate.
MPPSC and UPSC both test the founding year (1336) and the founders' names (Harihara and Bukka) as a pair — questions swap 1336 rather than a rounded '14th century' impression.
- Founded in 1336 A.D. by brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I
- Founding dynasty: Sangama (first of four — Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, Aravidu)
- Capital: Vijayanagara, on the south bank of the Tungabhadra river (today's Hampi, Karnataka)
- Traditionally founded with the guidance of the sage Vidyaranya of the Sringeri Sharada Peetham
- Confusing the founding year 1336 with the reign of Krishna Deva Raya (1509-1529), the empire's most famous but much later ruler
- Mixing up the founders (Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, Sangama dynasty) with later dynasty names
Both MPPSC and UPSC repeatedly test the founding year (1336) and founders' names together — expect a straight recall question or a chronological-sequencing question placing Vijayanagara's founding/Krishna Deva Raya's reign against other medieval events.
No directly related past PYQ was found.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The Vijayanagara Empire, founded in 1336 A.D., was established by:
- (a)Harihara I and Bukka Raya I
- (b)Krishna Deva Raya
- (c)Rama Raya
- (d)Achyuta Raya
Answer(a) Harihara I and Bukka Raya I — brothers who founded the Sangama dynasty, the first of Vijayanagara's four ruling dynasties.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, founded on the south bank of the Tungabhadra river, is known today as:
- (a)Hampi
- (b)Belur
- (c)Halebidu
- (d)Badami
Answer(a) Hampi — the medieval city of Vijayanagara, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka.