Which of the following statement is correct regarding Article 368 of the Constitution of India? (i) Article 368 was amended by the 24th Constitution Amendment Act, 1971. (ii) Article 368 was amended by the 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016.
- (a)(i) is true and (ii) is false
- (b)(i) is false and (ii) is true
- (c)Both (i) and (ii) are true
- (d)Both (i) and (ii) are false
Correct — C, both (i) and (ii) are true. Article 368 (the amendment power) was amended by the 24th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1971 (making the President's assent to an amendment Bill mandatory and clarifying Parliament's power to amend any part). It was again amended by the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016 (GST), which added Article 279A to the list of provisions in the proviso requiring ratification by the States.
- (a)(i) is true and (ii) is false — (ii) is also true — the 101st Amendment (2016, GST) did amend Article 368.
- (b)(i) is false and (ii) is true — (i) is also true — the 24th Amendment (1971) amended Article 368.
- (d)Both (i) and (ii) are false — Both amendments in fact touched Article 368, so this is wrong.
Article 368 lays down Parliament's power and procedure to amend the Constitution. It has itself been amended more than once — notably by the 24th Amendment (1971) after the Golaknath case, and by the 101st (GST) Amendment (2016), which brought Article 279A within its ratification proviso.
Both statements are historically accurate. The 24th Amendment responded to Golaknath; the 101st GST Amendment required state ratification via Article 368's proviso.
- Article 368 = power and procedure for constitutional amendments.
- 24th Amendment (1971): made the President's assent to amendment Bills obligatory; affirmed power to amend any part.
- 101st Amendment (2016, GST): amended Article 368's proviso to include Article 279A.
- The Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) later laid down the 'basic structure' limit on Article 368.
- Assuming Article 368 has never itself been amended
- Forgetting the GST (101st) Amendment touched Article 368
True/false statement sets on which Amendments touched Article 368.
As per Article 368 of the Constitution of India, the Parliament may amend any provision of the Constitution by way of: 1. Addition 2. Variation 3. Repeal Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer(d) 1, 2 and 3
UPSC 2024 on Article 368 — the same amendment-power provision, testing that Parliament may amend by addition, variation or repeal.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The 24th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1971 was enacted mainly in response to which case?
- (a)Golaknath case
- (b)Kesavananda Bharati case
- (c)Minerva Mills case
- (d)Maneka Gandhi case
Answer(a) The Golaknath case (1967).
- practice — not a real PYQ
The 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016 introduced which major reform?
- (a)Goods and Services Tax (GST)
- (b)Anti-defection law
- (c)Panchayati Raj
- (d)Right to Education
Answer(a) Goods and Services Tax (GST).