Panchayati Raj Subject falls under which List of the Constitution ?
- (a)Union List
- (b)State List
- (c)Concurrent List
- (d)None of the above
Correct — B, State List. 'Local government' — which includes the constitution and powers of panchayats and municipalities — is Entry 5 of the State List (List II) of the Seventh Schedule. So Panchayati Raj is primarily a state subject: states legislate on it (in MP, the MP Panchayat Raj Avam Gram Swaraj Adhiniyam). The 73rd Amendment added Part IX to give panchayats a constitutional floor, but the subject itself still sits in the State List.
- (a)Union List — Local government is not a Union subject; Parliament does not ordinarily legislate on panchayats.
- (c)Concurrent List — Tempting because the 73rd Amendment gives central backing, but local government is not on the Concurrent List — it is Entry 5 of the State List.
- (d)None of the above — A specific List does apply — the State List — so 'none' is wrong.
The Seventh Schedule splits legislative subjects into the Union List, State List and Concurrent List. 'Local government' is Entry 5 of the State List, so panchayats and municipalities are a state responsibility. The 73rd and 74th Amendments (1992) added Parts IX and IX-A to mandate their creation, but did not move the subject out of the State List.
Aspirants who remember that the 73rd Amendment gave panchayats constitutional status sometimes assume the subject is Concurrent. It is not — the constitutional provisions (Part IX) and the legislative subject (State List, Entry 5) are two different things.
- 'Local government' is Entry 5 of the State List (List II).
- States enact panchayat laws — in MP, the MP Panchayat Raj Avam Gram Swaraj Adhiniyam.
- The 73rd Amendment added Part IX (Panchayats) to the Constitution.
- The Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects states may devolve to panchayats.
- Thinking Panchayati Raj is in the Concurrent List because it has constitutional (central) backing.
- Confusing the Eleventh Schedule (subjects panchayats handle) with the List (State List) that owns the subject.
Straight 'which List/Schedule' questions; remember local government = Entry 5, State List, while the 73rd/74th Amendments added Parts IX/IX-A on top.
The 73rd Constitution Amendment Act, 1992 refers to the
- (a) generation of gainful employment for the unemployed and the underemployed men and women in rural area
- (b) generation of employment for the able-bodied adults who are in need and desirous of work during the lean agricultural season
- (c) laying the foundation for strong and vibrant Panchayati Raj Institutions in the country
- (d) guarantee of right to life, liberty and security of person, equality before law and equal protection without discrimination
Answer(c) laying the foundation for strong and vibrant Panchayati Raj Institutions.
Same subject area — the 73rd Amendment gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj, the local-self-government topic that sits in the State List.
The list of powers, authority and responsibilities which may be entrusted to the Panchayats is given in the:
- (a) Eleventh Schedule
- (b) Twelfth Schedule
- (c) Seventh Schedule
- (d) State list
Answer(a) Eleventh Schedule
Complements this one: panchayats are a State-List subject, and the 29 functions states may devolve to them are listed in the Eleventh Schedule.
Who was the Father of Local Self-Government in India?
- (a) Lord Dalhousie
- (b) Lord Mountbatten
- (c) Lord Macaulay
- (d) Lord Ripon
Answer(d) Lord Ripon
Same theme of local self-government (the State-List subject) — Lord Ripon's 1882 Resolution is its historical starting point.
- practice — not a real PYQ
'Local government' is a subject in which List of the Seventh Schedule?
- (a)Union List
- (b)State List
- (c)Concurrent List
- (d)Residuary powers
Answer(b) State List — Entry 5.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The functional subjects that a state may devolve to panchayats are listed in the:
- (a)Eleventh Schedule
- (b)Twelfth Schedule
- (c)Seventh Schedule
- (d)Ninth Schedule
Answer(a) Eleventh Schedule (29 subjects).