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UPSC 2015: With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements: 1. The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets is initiated by a fungal inoculum. 2. Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c)Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
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Not attemptedCorrect Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Indian Railways’ bio-toilets use an *anaerobic bacterial* inoculum (developed by DRDO), not a fungal one; the digestion of waste produces mainly methane, carbon dioxide and treated water, so ammonia and water vapour are not the sole end-products. Therefore both statements are incorrect. ([vajiramandravi.com](https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-exam/with-reference-to-bio-toilets-used-by-the-indian-railways-consider-the-following-statements/?utm_source=openai))
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the correct answer to this UPSC 2015 Science & Technology question?▼
The correct answer is option (d): Neither 1 nor 2. Watch the detailed video explanation in our Sherlocking Prelims course on UnlockIAS.
Which year was this Biotechnology & Genetics question asked in UPSC Prelims?▼
This question was asked in UPSC CSE Prelims 2015, GS Paper 1, as Question 93. It falls under Science & Technology > Biotechnology & Genetics.
What is the difficulty level of this UPSC question?▼
This question is rated "moderate". It requires sound conceptual understanding of the topic.
How many UPSC Prelims questions have been asked from Biotechnology & Genetics?▼
UPSC has asked 54 questions from Biotechnology & Genetics (under Science & Technology) across multiple years. Visit the topic page to see the full list and year-wise trends.