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UPSC 2021: How is permaculture farming different from conventional chemical farming? 1. Permaculture farming discourages monocultural practices but in conventional chemical farming, monoculture practices are pre- dominant. 2. Conventional chemical farming can cause increase in soil salinity but the occurrence of such phenomenon is not observed in permaculture farming. 3. Conventional chemical farming is easily possible in semi-arid regions but permaculture farming is not so easily possible in such regions. 4. Practice of mulching is very important in permaculture farming but not necessarily so in conventional chemical farming. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a)1 and 3
(b)1, 2 and 4
(c)4 only
(d)2 and 3
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Not attemptedCorrect Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4
Permaculture emphasises poly-culture and soil-building practices like mulching, so it discourages monocropping (1 ✓) and considers mulching essential (4 ✓). Conventional chemical farming, with heavy fertiliser/irrigation inputs, often leads to secondary soil salinisation, a problem not seen in permaculture systems (2 ✓). Permaculture designs can be adapted even to semi-arid areas, so statement 3 is incorrect. Therefore 1, 2 and 4 are correct (option b). ([forumias.com](https://forumias.com/blog/upsc-cse-prelims-2021-answer-key-with-questions-gs-paper-1/))
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the correct answer to this UPSC 2021 Environment & Ecology question?▼
The correct answer is option (b): 1, 2 and 4. Watch the detailed video explanation in our Sherlocking Prelims course on UnlockIAS.
Which year was this Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry question asked in UPSC Prelims?▼
This question was asked in UPSC CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper 1, as Question 51. It falls under Environment & Ecology > Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry.
What is the difficulty level of this UPSC question?▼
This question is rated "difficult". It is a challenging question that demands deep subject knowledge and analytical thinking.
How many UPSC Prelims questions have been asked from Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry?▼
UPSC has asked 31 questions from Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry (under Environment & Ecology) across multiple years. Visit the topic page to see the full list and year-wise trends.