Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.
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14 questions on Executive & Judiciary from GS-II. Practice answer writing organized by UPSC syllabus subtopics.
14
Questions
3
Subtopics
10
Years
Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary — Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
Number of questions asked each year
Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.
What are environmental pressure groups? Discuss their role in raising awareness, influencing policies and advocating for environmental protection in India.
Explain the reasons for the growth of public interest litigation in India. As a result of it, has the Indian Supreme Court emerged as the world’s most powerful judiciary?
“The most significant achievement of modern law in India is the constitutionalization of environmental problems by the Supreme Court.” Discuss this statement with the help of relevant case laws.
"Pressure groups play a vital role in influencing public policy making in India." Explain how the business associations contribute to public policies.
Discuss the desirability of greater representation to women in the higher judiciary to ensure diversity, equity and inclusiveness.
What are the methods used by the farmers’ organisations to influence the policy-makers in India and how effective are these methods?
Critically examine the Supreme Court’s judgement on ‘National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014’ with reference to appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.
How do pressure groups influence Indian political process? Do you agree with this view that informal pressure groups have emerged as more powerful than formal pressure groups in recent years?
“The Indian party system is passing through a phase of transition which looks to be full of contradictions and paradoxes.” Discuss.
Khap Panchayats have been in the news for functioning as extra-constitutional authorities, often delivering pronouncements amounting to human rights violations. Discuss critically the actions taken by the legislative, executive and the judiciary to set the things right in this regard.
Instances of President’s delay in commuting death sentences has come under public debate as denial of justice. Should there be a time limit specified for the President to accept/reject such petitions? Analyse.
The size of the cabinet should be as big as governmental work justifies and as big as the Prime Minister can manage as a team. How far is the efficacy of a government then inversely related to the size of the cabinet? Discuss.
Pressure group politics is sometimes seen as the informal face of politics. With regards to the above, assess the structure and functioning of pressure groups in India.
14 questions on Executive & Judiciary have appeared in GS-II from 2013 to 2025.
The UPSC syllabus subtopics under Executive & Judiciary include: Executive — structure, organization and functioning; Ministr (2 questions); Judiciary — structure, organization and functioning (6 questions); Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their r (6 questions).
In the most recent years: 2025 (2 questions), 2024 (1 questions), 2022 (1 questions). This shows Executive & Judiciary remains a consistently important topic for GS-II.
Focus on high-frequency subtopics: Executive — structure, organization and functionin, Judiciary — structure, organization and functionin, Pressure groups and formal/informal associations a. Practice answer writing with previous year questions.