It is said that India has substantial reserves of shale oil and gas, which can feed the needs of the country for quarter century. However, tapping of the resource does not appear to be high on the agenda. Discuss critically the availability and issues involved.

Key learnings from their answer

• ›Almost every answer is anchored to a named scheme, rule, report or law instead of generic discussion, Plastic Waste Management Rules 2016 (with its actual provisions: segregation at source, brand-owner responsibility, integrating ragpickers/kabadiwalas), ECBC 2017, Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules 2017, the PAT scheme run by BEE with its Energy Saving Certificates, the TAMRA portal and Mining Surveillance System. -> Don't describe a policy area in the abstract; name the exact rule/scheme AND one or two of its real mechanisms, that specificity is what separates a topper answer from a textbook paraphrase.
• ›Geography theory is tied to concrete Indian locations in nearly every answer, Chhotanagpur plateau for iron & steel/heavy industry, Vindhyan ranges for cement/limestone, Odisha bauxite for aluminium, copper in MP & AP, uranium in AP/Jharkhand/Meghalaya, Bangalore-Hyderabad for IT. -> For location/distribution questions, attach each general factor to a specific named place; a list of real locations proves command of the map far better than naming the factor alone.