Which of the following are India's G20 priorities? 1. Green Development 2. Women-led Development 3. Climate Finance 4. Digital Public Infrastructure Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a)1 and 2 only
- (b)1, 2 and 3 only
- (c)3 and 4 only
- (d)1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct — D, 1, 2, 3 and 4. India held the G20 presidency from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023, under the theme Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, rendered as One Earth, One Family, One Future, and every one of the four items listed is among the priorities it published. The official G20 India website set out its priorities as accelerating inclusive and resilient growth, digital transformation, green development and LiFE, women-led development, and reformed institutions for the twenty-first century, with a separate heading on its priorities page for climate finance. The New Delhi Leaders' Declaration adopted on 9-10 September 2023 has the same architecture: a Green Development Pact chapter carrying a section on delivering climate and sustainable finance, a chapter titled Technological Transformation and Digital Public Infrastructure, and paragraph 64 committing the group to encourage women-led development.
- (a)1 and 2 only — Green development and women-led development are indeed priorities, but so are the other two — climate finance had its own heading on the presidency's priorities page and digital public infrastructure named a whole chapter of the Leaders' Declaration.
- (b)1, 2 and 3 only — Drops digital public infrastructure, which was arguably the presidency's most publicised theme and which the New Delhi Declaration deals with at chapter length.
- (c)3 and 4 only — Keeps two of the priorities and discards the other two. Green development and women-led development were both listed on the presidency's own front page.
The G20 has no charter and no permanent secretariat, so each annual presidency sets the agenda, chairs the meetings and drafts the summit declaration, working with the troika of the preceding and succeeding presidencies. India's troika was Indonesia and Brazil. The work runs on two tracks — a finance track led by finance ministries and central banks, and a sherpa track covering everything else — and the presidency's stated priorities are what the sherpa track's working groups are built around.
This is a read-the-list item rather than a reasoning one, and the safeguard is to notice that no option is implausible: all four are real Indian policy themes of 2023, which is precisely why the answer is all of them. One outcome from the New Delhi summit is worth carrying separately — the African Union was admitted as a permanent member of the group, the first expansion of its membership since it was formed. The presidency has since passed on, to Brazil and then to South Africa, so treat the priority list as belonging to India's 2023 year rather than as the G20's standing agenda.
- India's G20 presidency ran from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023; the summit was held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, on 9-10 September 2023.
- The theme was Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future — and the logo was a lotus.
- Published priorities included green development and LiFE, women-led development, digital transformation and digital public infrastructure, inclusive and resilient growth, and reformed multilateral institutions.
- The Leaders' Declaration carries a Green Development Pact chapter with a section on delivering climate and sustainable finance.
- Paragraph 76 of the Declaration welcomed the African Union as a permanent member of the G20.
None of the four is a distractor — the item rewards knowing that the published list was broad.
- Assuming a plausible-sounding priority was not on the list, and picking a subset for safety.
- Reading India's 2023 priorities as the G20's permanent agenda; every presidency writes its own.
- Confusing the theme, Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, with the priorities, which are separate.
Asked as a four-item code question where every statement is true, so the examiner is testing breadth of reading rather than discrimination.
Which of the following sets of countries are all members of the G20?
- (a) Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey
- (b) Australia, Canada, Malaysia and New Zealand
- (c) Brazil, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam
- (d) Indonesia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea
Answer(a) Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey
The membership half of the same topic. Knowing who sits in the group is what makes the agenda questions manageable, and this item is a good check on the four countries most often misplaced.
- practice — not a real PYQ
Which body was admitted as a permanent member of the G20 at the New Delhi Summit of 2023?
- (a)The African Union
- (b)ASEAN
- (c)The European Free Trade Association
- (d)The Gulf Cooperation Council
Answer(a) The African Union — paragraph 76 of the New Delhi Leaders' Declaration welcomed it as a permanent member.
- practice — not a real PYQ
The theme of India's G20 presidency, 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam', was rendered in English as
- (a)One Earth, One Family, One Future
- (b)Recover Together, Recover Stronger
- (c)Building Consensus for Fair and Sustainable Development
- (d)Shaping an Interconnected World
Answer(a) One Earth, One Family, One Future — the second was Indonesia's 2022 theme.