Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The President is a part of the Parliament.
Reason (R): A Bill passed by the two Houses of t

Question

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The President is a part of the Parliament.
Reason (R): A Bill passed by the two Houses of the Parliament cannot become a law without the assent of the President.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

UnlockIAS · Accepted Answer

Correct — D, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Article 79 states that the Parliament of India consists of the President and the two Houses — the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha) — so (A) is true: the President is very much a part of Parliament. (R) is also true and it explains (A): under Article 111, a Bill passed by both Houses becomes an Act only after the President assents to it. This required role in law-making is precisely what makes the President an integral, functioning component of Parliament rather than an outside authority. Because (R) supplies the reason (A) holds, the correct code is D.

Why the other options are wrong — (a) (R) does explain (A): the President's assent under Article 111 is the concrete way the President participates in Parliament's law-making, which is why the President counts as a part of Parliament. So (R) is the correct explanation, not an unrelated fact.  (b) (R) is true — Article 111 requires the President's assent before a Bill passed by both Houses becomes law, so (R) cannot be called false.  (c) (A) is true — Article 79 expressly makes the President a part of Parliament (Parliament = President + two Houses), so (A) is not false.

Concept: Article 79 provides that Parliament consists of the President and the two Houses — Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. Though a part of Parliament, the President is not a member of either House (Article 59) and does not sit or debate; the President's parliamentary functions are summoning, proroguing and dissolving the Houses (Article 85), addressing Parliament (Article 87), and giving or withholding assent to Bills (Article 111). The idea mirrors the British concept of the 'Crown-in-Parliament'.

State PCS 2023 Q129 — Polity & Governance PYQ with Answer

State PCS 2023 Q129 — Polity & Governance PYQ with Answer